Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 4 pptx

... more biologically available than are particulate forms, although ingestion and inhalation of particulates containing metals also can be a serious health hazard. Radioactive metals are hazardous because of ... of solid Fe(OH) 3 and is available to react via Equation 4. 17. 4. 4.1.1 Summary of Acid Formation in Acid Rock Drainage The steps of acid formation in acid rock drainage a...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... water aver age linear velo city of contamina nt ( 5: 26 ) A retardati on facto r of 10 means that the contamina nt moves at o ne-tenth of the average veloci ty of the groundwat er. The average ... near-final residue of plant biodeg- radation and consists largely of protein and lignin. Humus is what remains after the more easily degradable components of plant biomass have degra...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... substantial impair- ment of the abundance and diversity of species. Class 1—Warm water aquatic life: The se are waters that (1) are currently capable of sustaining a wide variety of warm water ... and Standards for Natural Waters 1.1.3 Setting Numerical Water Quality Standards 1.1 .4 Typical Water-Use Classifications 1.1 .4. 1 Recreational 1.1 .4. 2 Aquatic Life 1.1 .4. 3 Agricu...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... ular shape also affects polariz- abil ity. Elongat ed mole cules are more polar izabl e than compa ct molecules . Thus, a line ar alkane is more polar izable than a branche d alkane of the same ... carbonate, carboxylate, phosphate, and cyanide anions, as well as water molecules, humic acids, and synthetic chelating agents such as nitrilo- triacetate (NTA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetat...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... no DNA PL was ever released at that site in the past, or that past releases of DNAPL have failed to reach the water table. Vapor phase, sorbed phase, and dissolved phase contamination may still ... their importan ce as soil a nd groundw ater contam inants was not recogniz ed unti l the 1980s, mainly beca use of the limit ations of early analytical met hods. As a resul t, chemical ma...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... pCi=L Ca -4 5 10 Zr-95 200 I-132 90 Re-187 9,000 Ca -4 7 80 Zr-97 60 I-133 10 Re-188 200 Sc -4 6 100 Nb-93m 1,000 I-1 34 100 Os-185 200 Sc -4 7 300 Nb-95 300 I-135 30 Os-191 600 Sc -4 8 80 Nb-97 3,000 Cs-131 ... Ce- 141 300 Pt-197m 3,000 Co-58m 9,000 Ru-105 200 Ce- 143 100 Au-196 600 Co-60 100 Ru-106 30 Ce- 144 30 Au-198 100 Ni-59 300 Rh-103m 30,000 Pr- 142 90 Au-199 600 Ni-63 50 Rh-105 300...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... renal lesions, demy- elination, and edema of the brain. 1 4, 46 48 1 , 4- Dioxane and cancer: Laboratory studies with animals exposed to 1 , 4- diox- ane showed induction of nasal cavity and liver carcinomas ... irritation of eyes, drowsiness, vertigo, headache, anorexia, stom- ach pains, nausea, vomiting, irritation of the upper respiratory passages, coma, and death. 1 , 4- Dioxane...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Water Soil CO 2 3.5 Acidity and Alkalinity Background Acidity Alkalinity Importance of Alkalinity Criteria and Standards for Alkalinity Calculating Alkalinity Calculating Changes in Alkalinity, ... States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Weiner, Eugene R. Applications of environmental chemistry...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... (electronegativity of C = 2.5; electronegativity of H = 2.1) all alkanes are nonpolar because of their bond geometry. In the straight-chain alkanes (called normal-alkanes), as the alkane carbon chain becomes ... also affects polarizability. Elongated molecules are more polarizable than compact molecules. Thus, a linear alkane is more polarizable than a branched alkane of the same...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21

... Alkalinity Importance of Alkalinity Criteria and Standards for Alkalinity Calculating Alkalinity Calculating Changes in Alkalinity, Carbonate, and pH 3.6 Hardness Background Calculating Hardness Importance ... productive waterfowl habitats correlate with increased alkalinity above 25 mg/L as CaCO 3 . CRITERIA AND STANDARDS FOR ALKALINITY Naturally occurring levels of alkalinity reachin...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:21