ORGANIC POLLUTANTS: AN ECOTOXICOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE - CHAPTER 2 pps

... ethers and esters, and other simple organic compounds. Tables 2. 6 and 2. 7 give examples of the modes of action of pollutants in animals and in plants/fungi respectively. It is noteworthy that many ... target esterase (NTE) (and others that are targets for OPs in the nervous system) CHAPTER 2 Factors determining the toxicity of organic pollutants to animals and plants 2. 1 Introdu...

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... Dose Rabbit FIGURE 2. 16 Excretion routes of xenobiotic anionic conjugates. © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 26 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition 2. 3 .2. 2 Monooxygenases Monooxygenases ... centre Fe 3+ S _ P450 P450XH Fe 2+ Fe 2+ O 2 O 2 XH FIGURE 2. 3 Oxidation by microsomal monooxygenases. © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis G...

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... toxins from animals and microorganisms. HO CH 2 CONHCHCONH(CH 2 ) 5 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NHCOCH(CH 2 ) 3 NHCNH 2 OH CH 2 NHNH 2 CONH 2 CH 2 CONHCHCONH(CH 2 ) 5 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NH(CH 2 ) 3 NHCOCH(CH 2 ) 3 ... Further reading 88 PART 2 MAJOR ORGANIC POLLUTANTS 89 CHAPTER 5 The organochlorine insecticides 91 5.1 Background 91 5 .2 DDT [1,1,1-trichloro -2...

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... (m 3 /s) Date 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0 .2 0.1 0 07/03/94 26 /04/94 15/06/94 04/08/94 23 /09/94 12/ 11/94 01/01/95 20 / 02/ 95 0 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0 .25 0 .20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 350 300 25 0 20 0 150 100 50 11/04/95 Date 07/03/94 26 /04/94 15/06/94 04/08/94 23 /09/94 12/ 11/94 01/01/95 20 / 02/ 95 11/04/95 25 0 20 0 150 100 50 0 © ... (m 3 /s) Date 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0 .2 0.1 0 07/0...

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... 24 2. 3 .2. 1 General Considerations 24 2. 3 .2. 2 Monooxygenases 26 2. 3 .2. 3 Esterases and Other Hydrolases 36 2. 3 .2. 4 Epoxide Hydrolase (EC 4 .2. 1.63) 40 2. 3 .2. 5 Reductases 41 2. 3 .2. 6 Conjugases 42 2.3 .2. 7 ... Toxicity of Organic Pollutants to Animals and Plants 17 2. 1 Introduction 17 2. 2 Factors That Determine Toxicity and Persistence 19 2. 3 Toxicokinetics...

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... terrestrial and aquatic food chains, situations in which fate is determined by both biological and chemical processes. © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 70 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological ... 7 2Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition resistant to such oxidative attack. Thus, polyhalogenated compounds ... as Ca 2+ , K + , and Na...

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... (b) Dis- appearance of persistent organochlorine insecticides from soils (from Walker et al. 20 00). © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 92 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, ... 14.3 in Chapter 14), as, for instance, in the case of changes in the transmission of action potential © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 94 Organic Pollutants:...

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... mouse, and not in birds (Korte and Arent 1965, Walker 1980, Chipman and Walker 1979). In general, © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 1 02 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, ... Criteria 123 ). © 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 1 12 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition 5 .2. 5 ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DDT As...

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... K ow 4,4b-DCB Coplanar 7. 32 6.53 5.33 2b,3,4-TCB Coplanar 6.88 6. 52 5.78 2, 2b,5,5b-TCB Nonplanar 7.60 7.06 6.18 2, 2b,4,5,5b-PCB Nonplanar 8. 02 7.40 6.36 2, 2b,3,3b,4,4b-HCB Nonplanar 9.65 8. 72 6.97 Note: ... 1 .28 170 c 2, 3,4 2, 3,4,5 1 0 1.05 1.35 20 1 2, 3,5,6 2, 3,4,5 0 0 0.98 196 c 2, 3,4,5 2, 3,4,6 0 0 1.07 194 c 2, 3,4,4 2, 3,4,5 0 0 0.90 20 2 2, 3,5,6 2, 3,5,...

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... 10 −3 1 ,2, 3,4,7,8-HCDD 8.3 × 10 2 3,3b,4,4b-TCB 1.8 × 10 −5 1 ,2, 3,4,6,7-HpCDD 2. 3 × 10 2 3,3b,4,,4b,5-PCB 2. 2 × 10 2 PCDFs Mono-ortho PCBs 2, 3,7,8-TCDF 2. 0 × 10 −1 2, 3b,4,3b,4b,5-PCB 3.5 × 10 −7 2, 3,4,7,8-PCDF ... 10 −1 2, 3b,4,3b,4b,5-PCB 3.5 × 10 −7 2, 3,4,7,8-PCDF 2. 8 × 10 −1 2, 3,3b,4,4b-PCB 8.0 × 10 −6 1 ,2, 3,6,7,8-HCDF 6.0 × 10 −1 2, 3,3b,4,4b,5-HCB 5.5 × 10...

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