Radiation Risks in Perspective - Chapter 4 pdf

... health risks. A dose framework eliminates several important sources of uncertainty in risk-based decision making. Without the need to determine risk, uncertainties in dose and cross-species extrap- olation ... Thursday, September 14, 2006 2 :40 PM © 2007 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC http://www.epa.gov /radiation/ docs/federal /40 2-r-9 9-0 01 .pdf (accessed March 2006). 65 4...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... Number-10: 0-8 49 3-7 97 7-6 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 97 8-0 - 849 3-7 97 7-2 (Hardcover) is book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted ... explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Mossman, Kenneth L., 1 94 6- Radiation risks in perspective /...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... & Francis Group, LLC The problem of uncertainty in decision making is discussed in Chapter 4. 60 Radiation Risks in Perspective as Ward Valley in California) are identified and subjected ... in greater detail in Chapter 7. 52 Radiation Risks in Perspective The multifactorial nature of carcinogenesis suggests that LNT may be too sim- plistic. Cancer...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... particularly in developed countries, are increasingly interested in more actively participating in the processes of decision making regarding health, safety, and environmental issues. Decision making, ... LLC 120 Radiation Risks in Perspective social and other nontechnical perspectives in the decision-making process. The integ- rity and credibility of the decision-making p...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... 3: 54 PM © 2007 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 142 Radiation Risks in Perspective imply greater cancer risks, but the magnitude of the increase is not determinable. This in no way diminishes ... Levels in U.S. Ionizing radiation Cosmic radiation, terrestrial radionuclides, excluding radon External and internal exposure (ingestion) ~1 mSv/year Ionizing radiati...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... EPA, Washington, DC, 1992; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Assessment of Risks from Radon in Homes, EPA 40 2-R-0 3-0 03, U.S. EPA, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, Washington, DC, ... the time of testing, and length of the testing period. Basement readings are higher than readings on upper floors; readings tend to be higher in winter than in summer; long-term rea...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... variety of insects including mosquitoes and was a welcome substitute for toxic insecticides containing arsenic, mercury, or lead. DDT was introduced as a pesticide in the 1 940 s but was banned in the ... Natural background radiation Radiation from natural sources including cos- mic radiation from outer space, terrestrial radiation from naturally occur- ring radionuclides in th...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... 0.3 44 8 2.618 (–1) –9 .41 2 ( 4) 1.2 54 (–6) KCl 3665 –6.701 (–2) 1.3 94 ( 4) 7.225 (–7) Na 2 SO 4 72.2 ± 0.2 –2330 4. 591 4. 413 (–2) –1 .40 7 ( 4) 1 .48 9 (–7) NaNO 3 3162 6.1 34 –5. 847 (–2) 1.852 ( 4) ... C (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 79.9 ± 0.5 1510 0.1 149 4. 489 ( 4) 1.385 (–6) Na 2 SO 4 84. 2 ± 0 .4 –2330 0.37 54 –1.763 (–3) 2 .42 4 (–6) NaNO 3 74. 3 ± 0 .4 3162 0.1868 –1.677 (–3...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Rainwater 83 4. 4.1 Introduction 83 4. 4.2 The Presence of Radioactivity in Rainwater: Sources and Pathways 84 4 .4. 2.1 Natural Radioactivity 84 4 .4. 2.2 Man-Made Radioactivity 84 4 .4. 3 Levels and Distribution ... discussed in Section 4. 4. Underground reservoirs are intensively used for different human activities; these are discussed in Section 4. 5. Finally, drinking water...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... zibethicus) during a general population increase swelled 3 0- to 9 0- fold in low-quality habitats but much less in high-quality habitats. Considering that, in general, animals in poor-quality habitats ... 329–335. Loegering, J. P. and J. D. Fraser. 1995. Factors affecting piping plover chick survival in dif- ferent brood-rearing habitats. Journal of Wildlife Management 59: 64...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20