Cephalometry A Color Atlas and Manual - part 9 docx

... mandibular vertical ra- mus and gonial angle by unilateral DO was planned virtually and performed via an intra-oral approach. The 3-D virtual scene approach allowed definition of the ideal position and ... surface representations of adult sheep and human cadaver skulls) CHAPTER 8 292 3-D Cephalometry and Craniofacial Growth 8.1 The Basicranium as a Template for Facial Growth Hu...

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... (patient K.C.) CHAPTER 2 28 Basic Craniofacial Anatomical Outlines Skull – Paramedian Sagittal View Fig. 2.8. a Paramedian view of the skull with the mandible and calvaria removed (adult cadaver ... Orbit; 9 Zygomatic arch; 10 Medial nasal concha; 11 Inferior nasal concha;12 Nasal septum;13 Palatine bone;14 Maxillary tuberosity;15 Upper right third molar;16 Body of mandible;17 Mandibula...

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... 4 158 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue Landmarks Virtual definition of the A- Point Landmark Step 1: Define A- Point on the virtual lateral cephalo- gram (Figs. 4 .98 , 4 .99 ). Step 2: The position of A- Point ... K.C.) CHAPTER 4 174 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue Landmarks 4.2 Set-up of 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue Landmarks Fig. 4.135 a d. Set-up of 3-D cephalometric hard tissue landmarks....

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... facial soft tissue units (forehead, nasal, periorbital, midface and mandible) are described in detail. Additionally, ear- and head- related landmarks are listed at the end of the chapter because ... set-up of a 3-D cephalometric reference system (Chap. 3) and the automatic genera- tion of measurements (Chap. 7). The important dis- advantages of spiral-CT based 3-D cephalometry are t...

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... 2-D cephalometry, virtual 2-D cephalograms are generated and co-visualized with the 3-D data, taking into ac- count the geometrical relationships. In this way ,a com- bined 2-D and 3-D approach ... landmarks whose accuracy and reliability has been statistically validated are described in detail; additional landmarks are mentioned. To en- sure uniformity, internationally accepted landm...

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... ex- cluded and only angular and proportional measure- ments are employed. Spiral CT-based 3-D cephalometry using standard- ized CT scanning protocols (Chap. 1) has the great ad- vantage that all measurements ... generation of virtual cephalograms, easy and accurate location of the Sella and Nasion landmarks, subsequently automatic definition of a horizontal plane according to Proffi...

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... anteri- or cranial base (S-N) plane is automatically computed. Virtual Definition of the Anterior Cranial Base (S-N) Plane The anterior cranial base (S-N) plane is a plane that passes the Nasion and ... Sella landmarks and is perpen- dicular to the virtual lateral cephalogram (Fig. 3.27). Fig. 3.27. Anterior cranial base (S-N) plane.Virtual lateral cephalogram linked to the 3-D hard ti...

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... ap- proach presents several advantages. It allows automat- ic generation of a huge amount of real-size cephalo- metric data that are immediately available for clinical decision making or statistical ... Sella, Nasion and Menton landmarks define the facial midplane (linked virtual lateral and frontal cephalograms, patient K.C.) Figs. 6.30, 6.31. Sella, Nasion and Menton landmarks defin...

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... upper naso-aural distance n-obi r Right lower naso-aural distance n-obi l Left lower naso-aural distance sn-obs r Right upper subnasale-aural distance sn-obs l Left upper subnasale-aural distance sn-obi r Right ... distance sn-obi r Right lower subnasale-aural distance sn-obi l Left lower subnasale-aural distance gn-obs r Right upper gnathion-aural distance gn-obs l Left upper gnathion-aural...

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... normal and operated cleft lip patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 199 9; 27:34 5-3 53 Yamamoto K,Toshimitsu A, Mikami T, Hayashi S, Harada R, Nakamura S. Optical measurement of dental cast profile and ... Nakajima T. Three-dimensional analysis of facial morphology before and after orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 199 0; 18:6 8-7 3 Kobayashi K, Shimoda S, Nakagawa Y,Yama...

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