Cyanobacterial Toxins of Drinking Water Supplies: Cylindrospermopsins and Microcystins - Chapter 8 doc

... microcystin-LA, others micro- cystin-LY, others microcystin-YM, and yet others microcystin-RR. Almost all blooms have a mixture of microcystins present. In the case of provision of safe drinking water, ... Press 141 8 Risk and Safety of Drinking Water: Are Cyanobacterial Toxins in Drinking Water a Health Risk? We are all naturally concerned about our own...

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... importance of cyanobacterial toxins in drinking water sources has been high- lighted by the adoption of a provisional drinking water “Guideline Value” for micro- cystin-LR, one of the most abundant toxins, ... Methods 180 References 180 Chapter 10 Detection and Analysis of Cylindrospermopsins and Microcystins 185 10.1 Toxin Concentration 186 10.2 In Vi...

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... Press 20 Cyanobacterial Toxins of Drinking Water Supplies Botes, D. P., C. C. Viljoen, et al. (1 982 ). Structure of toxins of the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa. South African Journal of Science ... Journal of Science 78: 3 78 379. Botes, D. P., P. L. Wessels, et al. (1 985 ). Structural studies on cyanoginosins-LR, -YR, -YA, and -YM, peptide toxins Microcysti...

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... and C-5 of the γ -linked D-glutamic acid residue and C-1 and C-2 of the β -methyl aspartic acid. [U- 13 C]-Pyruvate supplied the precursor for C-3 and C-4 and the methyl on C-3 of ... acid sequence of microcystins has also been synthesized, and the ring closed to form the complete molecule. Solid-phase peptide synthesis of Ac-D- γ -Glu-[N-Me- ∆ A...

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... 58 Cyanobacterial Toxins of Drinking Water Supplies a mean pH of 7. 68. The water retention time was 10 .8 years, as this 40-m deep reservoir is located in a low-rainfall zone. The ... the Minnesota Academy of Science 36: 80 82 . Hindak, F. and M. Moustaka (1 988 ). Planktic cyanophytes of Lake Volvi, Greece. Archives of Hydrobiology Supplement 80 : 497–5 28. Huber,...

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... Medicine 3 38( 13): 87 3 87 8. Kenefick, S. I., S. E. Hrudey, et al. (1992). Odorous substances and cyanobacterial toxins in prairie drinking water sources. Water Science and Technology 25: 147–154. Kuiper-Goodman, ... (1960). Water poisoning: A study of poisonous algae blooms in Minnesota. American Journal of Public Health 50(6): 88 3 88 4. Pan-American Health Organizati...

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... freeze-thawing and sonication. Concentration of microcystins and nodularins from water and removal of inter- fering inorganic and organic compounds can be carried out using solid-phase adsorp- tion ... as an assay tool for detection of microcystins in cyanobacterial blooms (Aune and Berg 1 986 ). Examination of the relative potencies of microcystins- LR, -YR, and...

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... and W. Poplawski (19 98) . Understanding and management of cyanobacterial blooms in sub-tropical reservoirs of Queensland, Australia. Water Science and Tech- nology 37(2): 161–1 68. Kitchell, J. F., ... intensive land use, as occurs in Europe and parts of North and South America and Asia, reduction in nitrate in surface waters is relevant to meet drinking water stan...

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... Journal of the American Water Works Association 93 (8) : 72 81 . Keijola, A. M., K. Himberg, et al. (1 988 ). Removal of cyanobacterial toxins in water treatment processes: Laboratory and pilot-scale ... of microcystins in raw water sources and treated drinking water of Finnish waterworks. Water Science and Technology 43: 225–2 28. Lam, A. K. Y., E. E. Prepas,...

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... considerable developments in understanding of the organisms, toxins, health impacts, and processes for the removal of unwanted substances in the treat- ment of drinking water. A landmark development in public ... Plans for Drinking Water Supplies (New Zealand Ministry of Health 2001). The supporting information includes risk management and alert levels for cyanobacteri...

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