Biochemical, Genetic, and Molecular Interactions in Development - part 6 docx

... inhibitory Smad pro- teins, Smad -6 and Smad-7 (29). Experiments in our laboratories indicate the influence of downstream antagonists of TGF-` signaling, Smad -6 and -7 , at least in heterotopic sites, ... osteogenesis in preclinical and clinical contexts (1,11– 16) . Naturally-derived BMPs/OPs and recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hOP-1), also known as BMP-7, induce...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... at tis- sue and somite boundaries. Development 120, 366 7– 367 9. 102. Novak, A., Shu, C., and Chungyee, L. (1998) Cell adhesion and the integrin-linked kinase regulate the LEF-1 and `- catenin signaling ... wingless signal and zeste-white 3 kinase. Dev. Biol. 166 , 543–5 56. 86. Rubinfeld, B., Albert, I., and Porfiri, E. (19 96) Binding of GSK-3` to the APC-`-catenin compl...

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... to identify BMP-induced genes. Osx is a novel zinc finger-containing transcrip- tion factor that is specifically expressed in developing bones. Osx contains a proline- and serine-rich transcription ... cytochrome c into the cytosol. Subsequently, BMP-2 increased caspase-9 and caspase-3, -6 , and -7 activity. Inhibition of caspase-9 activity suppressed BMP-2-induced apoptosis. How...

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... changes in bone modeling and remodeling in response to loading and unloading are initiated by an internal mechanostat that is able to sense strain. In this view, changes in bone remodeling occur in response ... 2 76, 13 365 –13371. 80. Klein-Nulend, J., Burger, E. H., Semeins, C. M., Raisz, L. G., and Pilbeam, C. C. (1997) Pulsating fluid flow stimu- lates prostaglandin releas...

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... TGF-`-regulated genes contain either AP-1 sites, such as the PAI-1 (55), TIMP-1 ( 56) , TGF-`ß1 (57), c-Jun (58), and _2(I) collagen (59) or CREB/ATF binding sites, such as fibronectin (60 ), cyclinD1 ... Smad3 and ATF-2 contribute to TGF-`-mediated effects on chon- drocyte differentiation, and both participate in the induction of PTHrP in chondrocytes ( 36) . TGF-` is capable of ph...

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... prolyl 4-hydroxylase, prolyl 3-hydroxylase, and lysyl hydrox- ylase, catalyze the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, 3-hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine residues in -X-Pro-Gly, -Pro-4Hyp-Gly-, and -X-Lys-Gly- ... chains, called _ chains, and contain at least one unique triple-helical domain with repeating -Gly-X-Y- sequences in each of the constituent chains. The presence of glycine,...

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... pseudoreceptor by intercalating in the TGF-` complex and disrupting receptor signaling, thus func- tioning as a naturally occurring dominant mutant of BMP signaling. Tkv In the developing wing disk of ... functional interaction between BMP-7 and the latent TGF-` binding protein family member Fibrillin-2 and suggest that the bioactivity or availability of BMP-7, like that of TGF-`, m...

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... factors and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins: clinical implica- tions. Clin. Chem. 45, 1384–1390. 165 . Conover, C. A. (1995) Insulin-like growth factor binding protein proteolysis in bone ... 1,2 5-( OH) 2 D 3 . 1,2 5-( OH) 2 D 3 inhibited PGE 2 -induced cAMP and inositol trisphosphate accumulation (254) and cal- cium influx (255), PGF 2 _-induced PGE 2 synthesis (2...

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... Standard developmental toxicity bioassays in rodents include a detailed examination of the near-term fetal skeleton in single-stained (alizarin red for ossified bone) or double-stained (alizarin red ... dpc by using molecular markers. A retinoic acid-responsive transcription factor, Ap-2, (42) and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-1 Fig. 5. Analysis of the endogenous levels of re...

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... factor regulation, interferon-a, 203, 204 interleukin-1, 202 interleukin-4, 202 interleukin -6 , 202, 203 interleukin-11, 203 macrophage colony-stimulating factor, 200, 201 osteoprotegerin, 201 RANKL, 200 transforming ... malformations and variations have been published periodi- cally to aid in the interpretation of findings in a particular study and to illustrate the background inci-...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20