Biochemical, Genetic, and Molecular Interactions in Development - part 2 potx

... 11, 23 –45. 25 . Kingsley, D. M. (20 01) Genetic control of bone and joint formation. Novartis Found. Sympos. 23 2, 21 3 22 2; discussion 22 2 23 4, 27 2 28 2. 26 . Yoon, S. T. and Boden, S. D. (20 02) Osteoinductive ... morphogenetic proteins and cognate binding proteins in bone and carti- lage development: noggin, chordin and DAN. Arthritis Res. 3, 1–5. 23 . Balemans, W...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... have been induced in mice or rats by various maternal chemical treatments, including tri- n-butyltin (19), nitrous oxide (20 ), mitomycin-C (21 ), methanol (22 ,23 ), and boric acid (24 ). CSNRs, similar ... dpc by using molecular markers. A retinoic acid-responsive transcription factor, Ap -2 , ( 42) and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-1 Fig. 5. Analysis of the endogenous leve...

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... homology: classical cadherins type I (e.g., E-, N-, P-, R-cadherin), classical cadherins type II (cadherin-6 to -1 2) , cadherins found in desmosomes (desmocollins, desmogleins), cadherins with a very short ... significant inhibition of cellular condensation and chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo using a function-blocking monoclonal antibody, NCD -2 , directed against N-cadheri...

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... hydrox- ylase, catalyze the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, 3-hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine residues in -X-Pro-Gly, -Pro-4Hyp-Gly-, and -X-Lys-Gly- triplets, respectively (19 21 ). 4-Hydroxyproline ... chains, called _ chains, and contain at least one unique triple-helical domain with repeating -Gly-X-Y- sequences in each of the constituent chains. The presence of glycine, the sm...

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... evidence that heparin-like glycosaminoglycans are involved in wingless signaling. Development 124 , 26 23 26 32. 103. Tsuda, M., Kamimura, K., Nakato, H., et al. (1999) The cell-surface proteoglycan ... regulating chondrogenesis, the retinoid signaling pathway is placed. Of these molecules, the members of the transforming growth factor-` family, including transforming growth factor- `-...

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... dominant-negative Smad1 effectively blocks BMP -2 - induced Runx -2 expression but not the activation of caspases or apoptosis induced by BMP -2 , indicating that the BMP -2 - induced apoptosis was independent ... cytochrome c into the cytosol. Subsequently, BMP -2 increased caspase-9 and caspase-3, -6 , and -7 activity. Inhibition of caspase-9 activity suppressed BMP -2 - induced...

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... (arrows). B, Low-power photomicrograph of a sintered porous hydroxy- Molecular Signals in Bone Induction 21 9 23 2 Di Nino and Linsenmayer 24 2 Di Nino and Linsenmayer FGF -2 FGF -2 produced negative ... depending on the experimental design, can (1) main- tain the integrity of the anlagen and the inherent cell and tissue interactions involved in its normal development,...

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... changes in bone modeling and remodeling in response to loading and unloading are initiated by an internal mechanostat that is able to sense strain. In this view, changes in bone remodeling occur in response ... integrin–cytoskeletal system, several membrane proteins may be responsive to strain and mechanical forces. Long-lasting (L-type) voltage-sensitive channels are involved...

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... development of vitamin D analogs with bone anabolic effects has come into focus (27 1). A few recent examples are ED-71 (27 2 ,27 3), RO -2 6-9 22 8 (27 4), 26 ,27 -hexafluoro-1 ,2 5-( OH)2D3 (27 5), and 2- methylene- 19-nor- (20 S)1 ,2 5-( OH) 2 D 3 (27 6). ... PGE 2 -induced cAMP and inositol trisphosphate accumulation (25 4) and cal- cium influx (25 5), PGF 2 _-i...

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... factor regulation, interferon-a, 20 3, 20 4 interleukin-1, 20 2 interleukin-4, 20 2 interleukin-6, 20 2, 20 3 interleukin-11, 20 3 macrophage colony-stimulating factor, 20 0, 20 1 osteoprotegerin, 20 1 RANKL, 20 0 transforming ... regulators, overview, 22 9 23 1 differentiation, 22 9 negative regulation effectors of cartilage growth, FGF -2 , 24 2 overview, 24 0, 24 1 retinoic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20