TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 16 pdf

... quantities as substi- tutes for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The two most common HCFCs are 1, 1- dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and 1,1-dichloro- 1- uoroethane (HCFC-141b): + O 2 OO CC H . . CC H Lipid radical, ... trifluoroacetylchloride: (16. 2.6) 1,1-Dichloro-2,2, 2- trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) HC Cl Cl CF F F FC Cl Cl CH H H 1,1-Dichloro- 1- fluoroethan...

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... C O O - CHH C O O - CHH CO - O CC O O - CHH C O O - CH CO - O H HO C C CO - O HH O O - O C HHC Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate C C S HH O O - O C HHC CoA CHH O - O C HHC C O O - C O - O C C C O O - H H C O - O C C C O O - H HH OH C O - O C C C O O - O HH Oxaloacetate Malate Fumarate ... with acetyl-CoA from glycolysis to s...

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... of environmental chemistry. Chapter 3, Biochemistry, ” gives the fundamentals of the chemistry of life processes essential to understanding toxicological chemistry and biochemistry. Chapter 4, “Metabolic ... 100 known elements which may be found in any Figure 1.2 Atoms of carbon and nitrogen. - - - - - - - - - - An atom of carbon, symbol...

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... ||||| ). C N C C C N O O H H H H CH 3 C N C C C N O O H H H N C C C N C N C N H H H NH 2 N C C C N C N C NH H O H 2 N H CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H OH OH H O CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H H OH H O P O - O - - O O Occur in both DNA and RNA Uracil (U) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine(G) Phosphate 2-Deoxy-β-D- ribofuranose C N C C C N NH 2 O HH H H Cytosine (C) β-D-Ribofuranose Occur ... Medic...

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... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... . 6.1.5 Toxicological Chemistry Toxicological chemistry relates chemistry to toxicology. It deals with the chemical nature of toxic substances, how they are...

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... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8- diol-9,10-epoxide. Benzo(a)pyrene {O}, epoxidation O Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-epoxide + H 2 O, epoxide hydrolase HO HO Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide HO HO O {O}, ... DNA N C N C C C N N CH H O H 2 N N C N C C C N N CH H O H 2 N CH 3 CH 3 Dimethylnitros- 3,3-Dimethyl- 1- 1,2-Dimethylhydra- Methylmethane- ONN CH 3 CH 3 NN HH H 3 CCH 3 CH 3 S O...

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... facile detection of β -galactosidase activity. This is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl- β -D-galactopyrano- side, which is metabolized by β -galactosidase to ... Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium and/ or cobalt-sensitive individuals: genomic analysis based on restriction fragment length polymor- phis...

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... phosphorylation. C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO H H O O 2- 2- 2- 2- 3- Phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Additional processes leading to ATP formation 3- Arsenite (AsO 3 ) 1-arseno- 3- phosophoglycerate Spontaneous ... element? SS Cd H + S H + S H Cd 2+ + C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO...

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... human blood and on rodents suggest that ClO 2 and its metabolic product ClO 2 – cause formation of methemoglobin, decrease the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genase and glutathione ... gases, 3.5 g/l for HBr and 5.7 g/l for HI at 0°C and atmospheric pressure. These compounds are used much less than HCl. Both are irritants to the skin and eyes and to the oral and r...

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... As OH O OH NO 2 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl- arsinic acid (Roxarsone) HO As OH O H H CNH 2 O N-carbamoylarsinic acid (Carbarsone) N N N SCH H H As OHHO O H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )- aminopyrimidine L1618Ch12Frame ... compounds found in seaweed and in sheep feeding on the seaweed. β-D-Ribofuranoside, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 5-deoxy- 5-( dimethylarsinyl) (an arsenosugar)...

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