TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 8 doc

... facile detection of β -galactosidase activity. This is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl- β -D-galactopyrano- side, which is metabolized by β -galactosidase to ... mutagenicity assay, Mutat. Res., 455, 71 80 , 2000. 4. Emtestam, L., Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium and/ or cobalt-sensitive individuals...

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... elements. 2 He 4.003 4 Be 9.012 7 N 14.01 8 O 16.00 9 F 19.00 10 Ne 20. 18 11 Na 22.99 12 Mg 24.3 13 Al 26. 98 14 Si 28. 09 15 P 30.97 16 S 32.07 17 Cl 35.45 18 Ar 39.95 19 K 39.10 20 Ca 40. 08 21 Sc 44.96 22 Ti 47 .88 23 V 50.94 24 Cr 52.00 25 Mn 54.94 26 Fe 55 .85 27 Co 58. 93 28 Ni 58. 69 29 Cu 63.55 30 Zn 65.39 31 Ga 69.72 32 Ge 72.59 33 As 74.92 34 Se 78. 96 35 Br 79.9 36...

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... ||||| ). C N C C C N O O H H H H CH 3 C N C C C N O O H H H N C C C N C N C N H H H NH 2 N C C C N C N C NH H O H 2 N H CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H OH OH H O CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H H OH H O P O - O - - O O Occur in both DNA and RNA Uracil (U) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine(G) Phosphate 2-Deoxy-β-D- ribofuranose C N C C C N NH 2 O HH H H Cytosine (C) β-D-Ribofuranose Occur ... Bioc...

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... C O O - CHH C O O - CHH CO - O CC O O - CHH C O O - CH CO - O H HO C C CO - O HH O O - O C HHC Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate C C S HH O O - O C HHC CoA CHH O - O C HHC C O O - C O - O C C C O O - H H C O - O C C C O O - H HH OH C O - O C C C O O - O HH Oxaloacetate ... (ADP): ATP N N C N N NH 2 H CC C C HO O H H C H H H...

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... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... 2000. Harbison, R.D. and Hardy, H.L., Eds., Hamilton and Hardy’s Industrial Toxicology, Mosby-Year Book, St. Louis, MO, 19 98. Harvey, P.W., Rush, K.C., and Cockbu...

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... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8- diol-9,10-epoxide. Benzo(a)pyrene {O}, epoxidation O Benzo(a)pyrene 7 , 8- epoxide + H 2 O, epoxide hydrolase HO HO Benzo(a)pyrene 7 , 8- diol benzo(a)pyrene 7 , 8- diol-9,10-epoxide HO HO O {O}, ... mutagens and potential carcinogens, Cancer, 1 984 , chap. 53, pp. 2034–2040. QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 1. Define toxicological chemistry. What is the significance of str...

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... phosphorylation. C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO H H O O 2- 2- 2- 2- 3- Phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Additional processes leading to ATP formation 3- Arsenite (AsO 3 ) 1-arseno- 3- phosophoglycerate Spontaneous ... element? SS Cd H + S H + S H Cd 2+ + C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO...

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... ed., Klaassen, C.D., Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996, chap. 28, pp. 85 7 88 2. 17. Trenga, C.A., Koenig, J.Q., and Williams, P.V., Sulphur dioxide sensitivity and plasma antioxidants in adult ... human blood and on rodents suggest that ClO 2 and its metabolic product ClO 2 – cause formation of methemoglobin, decrease the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genase and gluta...

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... As OH O OH NO 2 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl- arsinic acid (Roxarsone) HO As OH O H H CNH 2 O N-carbamoylarsinic acid (Carbarsone) N N N SCH H H As OHHO O H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )- aminopyrimidine L1618Ch12Frame ... compounds found in seaweed and in sheep feeding on the seaweed. β-D-Ribofuranoside, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 5-deoxy- 5-( dimethylarsinyl) (an arsenosugar)...

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... CCOH OHH HN HC O CH 3 C C H HH OH C H HH L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S- [ 1-( hydroxymethyl )-2 -propenyl] mercapturic acid conjugate CSC CCOH OHH HN HC O CH 3 C H H OH HH CC H H L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S- (2-hydroxy-3-butenyl) mercapturic ... H H H CC C H C H H OHHO O HH HCC 1,2-Epoxybutene-3 Diepoxybutane 3-Butene-1,2-diol 3,4-Epoxy-1,2-butane diol CSC CCOH OHH HN HC O CH 3 C H H H H OH H C HO H...

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