TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 4 pdf
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 4 pdf
... C
O
O
-
CHH
C
O
O
-
CHH
CO
-
O
CC
O
O
-
CHH
C
O
O
-
CH
CO
-
O
H
HO
C
C
CO
-
O
HH
O
O
-
O
C
HHC
Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate
C
C
S
HH
O
O
-
O
C
HHC
CoA
CHH
O
-
O
C
HHC
C
O
O
-
C
O
-
O
C
C
C
O
O
-
H
H
C
O
-
O
C
C
C
O
O
-
H
HH
OH
C
O
-
O
C
C
C
O
O
-
O
HH
Oxaloacetate Malate Fumarate ... with acetyl-CoA from glycolysis to s...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 16 pdf
... quantities as substi-
tutes for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The two most common HCFCs are 1, 1-
dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and 1,1-dichloro- 1- uoroethane (HCFC- 141 b):
+
O
2
OO
CC
H
.
.
CC
H
Lipid
radical, ... trifluoroacetylchloride:
(16.2.6)
1,1-Dichloro-2,2, 2-
trifluoroethane (HCFC-123)
HC
Cl
Cl
CF
F
F
FC
Cl
Cl
CH
H
H
1,1-Dichloro- 1-
fluoroethan...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 1 pot
... elements.
2
He
4. 003
4
Be
9.012
7
N
14. 01
8
O
16.00
9
F
19.00
10
Ne
20.18
11
Na
22.99
12
Mg
24. 3
13
Al
26.98
14
Si
28.09
15
P
30.97
16
S
32.07
17
Cl
35 .45
18
Ar
39.95
19
K
39.10
20
Ca
40 .08
21
Sc
44 .96
22
Ti
47 .88
23
V
50. 94
24
Cr
52.00
25
Mn
54. 94
26
Fe
55.85
27
Co
58.93
28
Ni
58.69
29
Cu
63.55
30
Zn
65.39
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.59
33
As
74. 92
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.9...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 3 pps
...
|||||
).
C
N
C
C
C
N
O
O
H
H
H
H
CH
3
C
N
C
C
C
N
O
O
H
H
H
N
C
C
C
N
C
N
C
N
H
H
H
NH
2
N
C
C
C
N
C
N
C
NH
H
O
H
2
N
H
CC
C
C
CH
2
HO
H
H
HO
H
OH
OH
H
O
CC
C
C
CH
2
HO
H
H
HO
H
H
OH
H
O
P
O
-
O
-
-
O
O
Occur in both DNA
and RNA
Uracil (U)
Thymine (T)
Adenine (A)
Guanine(G)
Phosphate
2-Deoxy-β-D-
ribofuranose
C
N
C
C
C
N
NH
2
O
HH
H
H
Cytosine (C)
β-D-Ribofuranose
Occur ... phosp...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 6 pps
... substances and their
metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to
defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... represents 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, commonly called “dioxin.”
10
5
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
1
10
-
1
10
-
2
10
-
3
10
-
4
10
-
5
DEHP
b
Ethanol...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 7 pptx
... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8-
diol-9,10-epoxide.
Benzo(a)pyrene
{O}, epoxidation
O
Benzo(a)pyrene
7,8-epoxide
+ H
2
O, epoxide
hydrolase
HO
HO
Benzo(a)pyrene
7,8-diol
benzo(a)pyrene
7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide
HO
HO
O
{O}, ... 15, pp. 343 –396.
12. Ames, B.N., The detection of environmental mutagens and potential carcinogens, Cancer, 19 84,
chap. 53, pp. 20 34 2 040 .
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
1. Define...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 8 doc
... facile detection of
β
-galactosidase activity. This
is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo -4 - chloro-3-indoyl-
β
-D-galactopyrano-
side, which is metabolized by
β
-galactosidase to ... mutagenicity assay, Mutat. Res., 45 5, 71–80, 2000.
4. Emtestam, L., Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium
and/ or cobalt-sensitive indivi...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 10 ppsx
... phosphorylation.
C
CPO
3
CO
H
HHO
H
H
O
C
CPO
3
CO
PO
3
HHO
H
H
O
O
C
CPO
3
CO
AsO
3
HHO
H
H
O
O
2-
2-
2-
2-
3-
Phosphate
Glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
Additional processes
leading to ATP
formation
3-
Arsenite (AsO
3
)
1-arseno- 3-
phosophoglycerate
Spontaneous ... Toxicology, 3rd ed., Hodgson, E. and Smart, R.C., Eds., Wiley Inter-
science, New York, 2001, pp. 45 3 48...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 11 pot
... with asthma, Occup. Environ. Med., 56, 544 – 547 , 1999.
18. Newhook, R., Meek, M.E., and Walker, M., Carbon disulfide: hazard characterization and exposure-
response analysis, Environ. Carcinog. ... human blood and on rodents suggest that ClO
2
and its metabolic product
ClO
2
–
cause formation of methemoglobin, decrease the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydro-
genase and glut...
TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 12 pps
... As
OH
O
OH
NO
2
3-Nitro -4 - hydroxyphenyl-
arsinic acid (Roxarsone)
HO As
OH
O
H
H
CNH
2
O
N-carbamoylarsinic acid
(Carbarsone)
N
N
N
SCH
H
H
As OHHO
O
H
2-Methylthio- 4- ( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )-
aminopyrimidine
L1618Ch12Frame ... cancer and leukemic cells, is 2-
methylthio- 4- ( 2'-phenylarsenic acid)-aminopyrimidine:
Organoarsenic compounds are used as animal feed add...
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