TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 1 pot

... elements. 2 He 4.003 4 Be 9. 012 7 N 14 . 01 8 O 16 .00 9 F 19 .00 10 Ne 20 .18 11 Na 22.99 12 Mg 24.3 13 Al 26.98 14 Si 28.09 15 P 30.97 16 S 32.07 17 Cl 35.45 18 Ar 39.95 19 K 39 .10 20 Ca 40.08 21 Sc 44.96 22 Ti 47.88 23 V 50.94 24 Cr 52.00 25 Mn 54.94 26 Fe 55.85 27 Co 58.93 28 Ni 58.69 29 Cu 63.55 30 Zn 65.39 31 Ga 69.72 32 Ge 72.59 33 As 74.92 34 Se 78.96 3...

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... to occur? L1 618 Ch11Frame Page 2 51 Tuesday, August 13 , 2002 5:46 PM Copyright © 2003 by CRC Press LLC C HAPTER 11 Toxic Inorganic Compounds 11 .1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 10 elements ... orthophosphoric acid: P 4 O 10 + 6H 2 O → 4H 3 PO 4 (11 .8 .1) Because of its dehydrating action and formation of acid, phosphorus pentoxide is a corrosive irritant to skin, eyes,...

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... N-acetyl-S- [ 1- ( hydroxymethyl )-2 -propenyl] mercapturic acid conjugate CSC CCOH OHH HN HC O CH 3 C H H OH HH CC H H L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S- (2-hydroxy-3-butenyl) mercapturic acid conjugate L1 618 Ch13Frame ... diepoxybutane, 3-butene -1 , 2-diol, and the two stereoisomers of 3,4-epoxy -1 , 2-butanediol (Figure 13 .5). The production of mercapturic acid deriv- atives of the oxidation...

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... ||||| ). C N C C C N O O H H H H CH 3 C N C C C N O O H H H N C C C N C N C N H H H NH 2 N C C C N C N C NH H O H 2 N H CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H OH OH H O CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H H OH H O P O - O - - O O Occur in both DNA and RNA Uracil (U) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine(G) Phosphate 2-Deoxy-β-D- ribofuranose C N C C C N NH 2 O HH H H Cytosine (C) β-D-Ribofuranose Occur ... Balti...

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... C O O - CHH C O O - CHH CO - O CC O O - CHH C O O - CH CO - O H HO C C CO - O HH O O - O C HHC Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate C C S HH O O - O C HHC CoA CHH O - O C HHC C O O - C O - O C C C O O - H H C O - O C C C O O - H HH OH C O - O C C C O O - O HH Oxaloacetate Malate Fumarate ... (ADP): ATP N N C N N NH 2 H CC C C H...

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... “dioxin.” 10 5 10 4 10 3 10 2 10 1 10 - 1 10 - 2 10 - 3 10 - 4 10 - 5 DEHP b Ethanol Sodium chloride Malathion Chlorane Heptachlor Parathion Tetrodotoxin d TCDD e Botulinus toxin TEPP c Nicotine 1. Practically ... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to defining and explainin...

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... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8- diol-9 ,10 -epoxide. Benzo(a)pyrene {O}, epoxidation O Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-epoxide + H 2 O, epoxide hydrolase HO HO Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol-9 ,10 -epoxide HO HO O {O}, ... sulfonate CH H OH N CH 3 NO ONN CH H CH 3 OH CHH O ONN H CH 3 HO -+ NN H CH 3 Other products + CH 3 L1 618 Ch07Frame Page 16 0 Tuesday, August 13 , 2002 5:50 PM Copyright...

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... facile detection of β -galactosidase activity. This is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl- β -D-galactopyrano- side, which is metabolized by β -galactosidase to ... mutagenicity assay, Mutat. Res., 455, 71 80, 2000. 4. Emtestam, L., Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium and/ or cobalt-sensitive individuals:...

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... synthetase δ-aminolevulinic Succinyl-CoA Glycine + - - + CoA–SH + + CO 2 H 3 N H H O CCO OCCCCS OH H H H O CoA α β γ δ δ-aminolevulinic acid L1 618 Ch10Frame Page 218 Tuesday, August 13 , 2002 5:47 ... phosphorylation. C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO H H O O 2- 2- 2- 2- 3- Phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Additional processe...

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... As OH O OH NO 2 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl- arsinic acid (Roxarsone) HO As OH O H H CNH 2 O N-carbamoylarsinic acid (Carbarsone) N N N SCH H H As OHHO O H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )- aminopyrimidine L1 618 Ch12Frame ... –28°C and boils at 11 8°C. Both dimethylzinc and diethylzinc are used in organometallic chemical vapor HC H H I HC H H Zn C H H H + 2Zn + 2ZnI 2 L1...

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