... are:)n=1,2,3,…=0,1,2,…,n-1ml =- , - +1,…,0,…, , (ms=+ or - 1/2)llll0 -1 3.6eVU(r)© E. Fitzgerald-1999)in -1 3.225 9 Diffraction Picture of the Origin of Band Gaps Probability Density=probability/volume ... the valence band to the conduction bandEcnear band gapEvnear band gapEkE=hνCreates a ‘hole’ in the valence band© E. Fitzgerald-1999 3.2258Holes and Electrons• Instead of tracking ... Electron Model © E. Fitzgerald-1999 5 3.225 5 Metals and Insulators •EF in mid-band area: free e-, metallic •EF near band edge –EF in or near kT of band edge: semimetal –EF in...