BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS: AGROCHEMICALS - CHAPTER 5 ppt

... Compound From Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) as a Natural Product Herbicide Rod M. Heisey CONTENTS 5. 1 Introduction 5. 2 Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) 5. 3 Ailanthone 5. 4 Pre- and Postemergence ... derivatized to yield the herbicides dicamba (3,6-dichloro- 2-methoxybenzoic acid) and chloramben (3-amino-2 , 5- dichlorobenzoic acid). The allelo- pathic terpenoid 1,8-cineol...

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... 2-( 4-dichlorophenoxy) phe- noxy-methyl propanoate, Hoelon ® , 1974; Butyl 2-[ 4-( 5- trifluoro-2-pyridyloxy)phenoxy] propionate, Fusilade ® , 1980; Methyl 2-( 4-( (3-chloro -5 - trifluoromethyl )-2 -pyridinyloxy )- phenoxy) ... ajmaline, serpentine, and serpertinine. 3 -5 Of these, reserpine, 11,17α-dimethyoxy-18 -[ (3,4 , 5- trimethoxybenzoyl) oxy ]-3 β, 20α-yohimban-1...

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... deriva- tives. 42, 45, 5 7 -5 9 However, it takes twice as much of the 6-methyl ethers to be as toxic as their unmethylated counterparts. Similarly, the methylated terpenoids in leaves, hemigossy- polone-6-methyl ... (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (C- OMT), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR), and δ-cadinene synthase ( - CS) in each of the f...

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... silica gel using hex- ane-EtOAc, mixtures of increasing polarity consisting of four kaurenoid carboxylic acids: (–)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (28), (–)-grandifloric acid, (–)-angeloylgrandifloric ... 10 5 M; 40%, 10 –6 M; 44%, 10 –7 M; 53 : 44%, 10 –4 M; 76%, 10 5 M; 48%, 10 –7 M). Compounds 51 and 52 are the most active at lower concentrations (51 : 72%, 10 –9 M; 52 : 52 %, 10 –9 M) (...

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... 48 1.3 31 1 .5 1 05 39 25 Paederia scandens (L) 97 46 1 .5 86 1.2 123 92 12 .5 Paederia scandens (stem) 98 52 0 .5 96 1.1 143 98 10 Paulowinia tomentosa (L) 100 53 1.2 45 1 .5 119 61 12 .5 Paulowinia ... prurience (stem) 96 45 1.1 38 1.6 96 54 10 Pisum sativum (S) 99 45 0 .5 99 1.1 1 15 38 10 Pueraria lobata (L)$$ 82 72 5. 0 12 2.2 73 45 12 .5 Pueraria lobata (R) 95 32 0...

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... Inhibition (%) (ppt) (control = 0%) Lemna minor leaf 25 66 leaf 12 .5 47 leaf 2 .5 22 root and rhizome 25 67 root and rhizome 12 .5 35 root and rhizome 2 .5 22 Lettuce seedling leaf 12 .5 100 leaf 2 .5 71 root ... Manage., 26, 5 0 -5 5, 1988. 6. Cameron, H.J. and Julian, G.R., J. Chem. Ecol., 6, 98 9-9 95, 1980. 7. Einhellig, F.A., Leather, G.R., and Hobbs, L.L., J. Chem. Ecol...

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... natural compounds: (24R )-1 4α-methyl -5 -ergostan-3-one; 14α-methyl -5 -cholestan-3-one; cycloart -5 - ene- 3β, 2 5- diol; cycloart-3β, 2 5- diol; 4α-methylergostan -5 - ene-3β-ol; stigmast-4,22-dien-6β-ol- 3- one ... stigmast-4,22-dien-6β-ol- 3- one and 24-phenylethyl-cholest-3,6-dione were identified; together with several known compounds: (24R)-stigmast-4-ene-3-one; ergost-4-en...

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... fresh K-20) 1/1000 c 15 (±)-CA 10 6 (+ )-( 1S,2S)-CA 5 6–7 (– )-( 1R,2R)-CA 5 6 (±)-AlloCA 10 8–10 (±)-AlloCA b 10 10–11 (+ )-( 1R,2S)-AlloCA 10 12–13 5 10–11 1.67 9 (– )-( 1S,2R)-AlloCA 10 8–9 5 9–10 1.67 ... aromatic amino acids), not naturally occurring JA-Gly, JA-β-Ala, JA-ACC, JA-(+)-coronamic acid were also synthesized. Among them, JA-Leu, JA-Ile, JA-Val, JA-ACC, and J...

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... GS. 74, 75 Another PPT analog, L-(N 5 -phosphono)methionine-S-sulfoximine (PMSO) (see Figure 9.8) is a potent GS inhibi- tor and a metabolite of L-(N 5 -phosphono)methionine-S-sulfoximinyl-L-ala-L-ala ... herbicides (pendimetha- lin [N-(1-ethylpropyl )-3 ,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine]; thiobencarb [S-[(4-chlorophe- nyl)methyl]-diethylcarbamothioate]; quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-q...

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... 331, 53 . 1993) 33. ElSohly, H.N., Croom Jr., E.M., El-Feraly, F.S., and El-Sherei, M.M., J. Nat. Prod., 53 , 156 0, 1990. 34. Vonwiller, S.C., Haynes, R.K., King, G., and Wang, H J., Planta Med., 59 , ... mobile phase was 0.01M NaH 2 PO 4 buffer (pH 7.00):MeOH eluted in gradient from 59 :41 to 55 : 45 over a period of 25 min; flow rate was 1 ml/min; injection volume was 100 µl; detect...

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