The Fetal Matrix: Evolution, Development and Disease - part 9 doc

... devel- opment and recorded his findings. From his observations, he recognised that the health of the fetus and the subsequent child depended on the health of the mother. Two -and- a-half thousand ... through the duc- tus venosus in singleton and multifetal pregnancies and in fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation. Am. J.Obstet.Gynecol. 178 ( 199 8), 94 3 9. Themmen,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... Placenta 20 ( 199 9), 499 –512. Pettitt, D. J. and Knowler, W. C. Long-term effects of the intrauterine environment, birth weight, and breast-feeding in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 21 ( 199 8), B138–41. Phillips, ... 178–80 inappropriate atheromatous plaques 134 diabetes mellitus Type 2 132 disease 190 , 210 disease prevention 199 fetal in India 177 frequency 192 intervention 19...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK First published in print format ISBN-13 97 8-0 -5 2 1-8 345 7-5 ISBN-13 97 8-0 -5 2 1-5 423 5-7 ISBN-13 97 8-0 -5 1 1-3 370 1-7 © P. Gluckman and M. Hanson ... without the written p ermission of Cambrid g e University Press. ISBN-10 0-5 1 1-3 370 1 -9 ISBN-10 0-5 2 1-8 345 7-0 ISBN-1...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... on the fetus but also on the placenta, and this may play a part in the development of the disease pre-eclampsia. The crucial point is that for about the first few weeks of human pregnancy the ... cell, the micro-environment is determined by the concentrations of sugar and oxygen and other nutrients in the blood stream and the tissue space surrounding the c...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... in siblings with the same mother and father. In half-siblings with the same mother the correlation is still high, but in half-siblings with different mothers but the same father there is no significant ... the Netherlands exposed to the near- famine conditions imposed by the Nazis in the winter of 194 4/45. The effects of the poor and unbalanced diet of women during pre...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... adaptive responses and human disease Coronary heart disease Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) in 10 141 men and 5585 women 20 40 60 80 100 120 -5 .5 -6 .5 -7 .5 -8 .5 -9 .5 > ;9. 5 Birth weight (pounds) SMR 20 40 60 80 100 120 -5 .5 ... or the stress on the appearance of a hungry-looking predator. The adrenal gland is under the control of the pituitary g...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... from the mitochondria in the egg, and not via the sperm. So they fit the bill of DNA that is transmitted directly from grandmother to granddaughter. Second, the metabolic capacity of the grandchildren’s ... studied the licking and grooming habits of rat mothers with their pups and observed that there are mothers who groom their pups a lot, and those who do not. The pups...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... only in the offspring but also in the grand-offspring. We have already told the story of the Dutch Hunger Winterof 194 4/5 andexactly thesamething happenedthere :the grandchildrenborn to mothers who ... the paternal grandparent to the risk of diabetes in the grandson. Interestingly, the effect seemed to be confined to nutrition during the grandfather’s pre-pubertal growth ph...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... different nature 7 And the argument can continue back with diminishing effect to the great-grandmaternal and great-great- grandmaternal environments and so on. 8 The ovary develops in the first half ... PARs, the fetal environment can only shift more slowly. The first developmental signals to which the fetus is exposed occurred within the grandmother’s uterus when the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... in the literature to about 196 0 and Macintosh (62) and Dennis (46) to the early 197 0’s. Tin-Lead - Some of the common additives are glue, resorcinol, nicotine, peptone, beta-naphthol, ... responsible for the properties of deposits. Figures 19 and 20 show respectively a conventional chromatogram and the corresponding 3-D plot obtained. The peaks 1,2...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21