The Fetal Matrix: Evolution, Development and Disease - part 8 pot

... different nature 7 And the argument can continue back with diminishing effect to the great-grandmaternal and great-great- grandmaternal environments and so on. 8 The ovary develops in the first half ... diabetes, and in both India and Finland the pattern and timing of the adiposity rebound is partly determined prenatally. The data from Finland show similar influences...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... from the mitochondria in the egg, and not via the sperm. So they fit the bill of DNA that is transmitted directly from grandmother to granddaughter. Second, the metabolic capacity of the grandchildren’s ... studied the licking and grooming habits of rat mothers with their pups and observed that there are mothers who groom their pups a lot, and those who do not. The pups...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK First published in print format ISBN-13 97 8- 0 -5 2 1 -8 345 7-5 ISBN-13 97 8- 0 -5 2 1-5 423 5-7 ISBN-13 97 8- 0 -5 1 1-3 370 1-7 © P. Gluckman and M. Hanson ... without the written p ermission of Cambrid g e University Press. ISBN-10 0-5 1 1-3 370 1-9 ISBN-10 0-5 2 1 -8 345 7-0 ISBN-10...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... on the fetus but also on the placenta, and this may play a part in the development of the disease pre-eclampsia. The crucial point is that for about the first few weeks of human pregnancy the ... cell, the micro-environment is determined by the concentrations of sugar and oxygen and other nutrients in the blood stream and the tissue space surrounding the c...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... in siblings with the same mother and father. In half-siblings with the same mother the correlation is still high, but in half-siblings with different mothers but the same father there is no significant ... the Netherlands exposed to the near- famine conditions imposed by the Nazis in the winter of 1944/45. The effects of the poor and unbalanced diet of women during preg...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... Predictive adaptive responses and human disease Coronary heart disease Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) in 10 141 men and 5 585 women 20 40 60 80 100 120 -5 .5 -6 .5 -7 .5 -8 .5 -9 .5 >9.5 Birth weight ... 000 0 182 0 184 0 186 0 188 0 1900 No. of lynx pelts Year Fig. 3.3 Graph showing the number of lynx-fur pelts returned from the Northern Department of th...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... only in the offspring but also in the grand-offspring. We have already told the story of the Dutch Hunger Winterof1944/5 andexactly thesamething happenedthere :the grandchildrenborn to mothers who ... the paternal grandparent to the risk of diabetes in the grandson. Interestingly, the effect seemed to be confined to nutrition during the grandfather’s pre-pubertal growth phas...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... devel- opment and recorded his findings. From his observations, he recognised that the health of the fetus and the subsequent child depended on the health of the mother. Two -and- a-half thousand ... N. Engl. J. Med. 284 (1971), 87 8 81 . 210 Fetal futures understand about the scope of these changes, of the environmental cues and the impact on cell growth and differ...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... 27 survival phenotype 1 78 tallness 18 see also lifestyle Huntington’s disease 16, 16n hyperglycaemia fetal 187 8 maternal 188 n hypertension 80 , 88 birth-weight correlation 93 fetal nutritional restriction ... expectancy 78 9 lifespan 176n metabolic syndrome 184 migrations 7 8, 81 , 193–4 neural function 1 78 nutritional transition 192–5 PARs 174 8, 188 –9 universality 1 78 8...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:22

... Arabia msmonem@kfupm.edu.sa ISBN: 97 8- 1 -4 02 0-6 07 2-4 e-ISBN: 97 8- 1 -4 02 0-6 07 3-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 20 089 21100 c  20 08 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, ... designated the “sine-like” J-matrix solution, and ˜ C(r) the “cosine-like” J-matrix solution. The sine-like solu- tion is discussed in Sect...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 05:20