Statistics for Environmental Science and Management - Chapter 11 ppsx

... dose and ICR as functions of the other variables, with the @Risk add-on activated. Each recalculation of the spreadsheet then produced new random values for IR and BW, and consequently for dose and ... 3.8249 0.1951 11. 4 Further Information A good starting point for more information is the Risk Assessment Forum home page (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2000)....

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... n 1 is the sample size for the damaged site and n 2 is the sample size for the reference site, s p 2 = {(n 1 - 1)s 1 2 + (n 2 - 1)s 2 2 }/(n 1 + n 2 - 2) is the pooled-sample estimate of ... sample variance for the damaged site, and s 2 2 is the sample variance for the reference site. © 2001 by Chapman & Hall/CRC A consultant has designed and carried out...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... model y t - "y t-1 = $ 0 (1 - ") + $ 1 (x 1t - "x 1t-1 ) + + $ p (x pt - "x pt-1 ) + , t - ", t-1 or z t = ( + $ 1 v 1t + + $ p v pt + u t , where z t = y t - "y t-1 , ... pairwise observations, n i - 1 S = 3 3 sign(x i - x j ), (8.14) i = 2 j = 1 where sign(z) is -1 for z < 0, 0 for z = 0, and +1 for z...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... -0 .42 8 0.10 -1 .27 <0.25 -3 .05 46 0.61 0.27 0.60 -0 .51 -0 .36 9 0 .11 -1 .20 <0.25 -2 .93 47 0.62 0.30 0.61 -0 .49 -0 .30 10 0.13 -1 .14 <0.25 -2 .81 48 0.63 0.34 0.62 -0 .48 -0 .23 11 0.14 -1 .07 <0.25 ... 0.49 -0 .71 -0 .59 5 0.06 -1 .54 <0.25 -3 .52 43 0.57 0.17 0.51 -0 .67 -0 .53 6 0.07 -1 .44 <0.25...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... Survival Standard Date Released Estimate Error 16-Apr 118 9 0.688 0.027 17-Apr 119 6 0.666 0.028 18-Apr 119 4 0.634 0.027 21-Apr 119 0 0.690 0.040 23-Apr 776 0.606 0.047 26-Apr 1032 0.630 0.048 29-Apr ... Data 10.6 Chapter Summary 11 Monte Carlo Risk Assessment 11. 1 Introduction 11. 2 Principles for Monte Carlo Risk Assessment 11. 3 Risk Analysis Using a Spreadsheet Add-On 11....

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... 4 4.32 4.23 -0 .077 2 5 4.97 4.74 -0 .215 3 6 4.58 4.55 -0 .016 4 8 4.72 4.81 0.104 5 9 4.53 4.70 0.184 6 10 4.96 5.35 0.405 7 11 5.31 5.14 -0 .154 8 12 5.42 5.15 -0 .254 9 17 4.87 4.76 -0 .095 10 18 ... appropriate protocols and procedures for establishing data quality objectives (DQO) and quality control and assurance (QC/QA). Stratified random sampling is someti...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... SSBC (J - 1)(K - 1) MSBC = SSBC/{(J - 1)(K - 1)} MSBC/MSE ABC Interaction SSABC (I - 1)(J - 1)(K - 1) MSABC = SSABC/{(I - 1)(J - 1)(K - 1)} MSABC/MSE Error SSE IJK(m - 1) MSE = SSE/{IJK(m - 1)} Total ... MSB/MSE Factor C SSC K - 1 MSC = SSC/(K - 1) MSC/MSE AB Interaction SSAB (I - 1)(J - 1) MSAB = SSAB/{(I - 1)((J - 1)} M...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... (x 1j - x 1 ) + (x 2j - x 2 ) + + (x ij - x i ), (5.3) for j from 1 to m and i from 1 to n, and plotting the S ij values against i, for each of the m sample times. The CUSUM chart for time ... plots for 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1981 compared to the mean for all years. The horizontal axis corresponds to lakes in the order of mean pH values for the four years....

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... called a control- treatment paired (CTP) design (Skalski and Robson, 1992, Chapter 6), or a before-after-control-impact-pairs (BACIP) design (Stewart-Oaten et al., 1986). Sometimes information is ... Difference 1 0.40 0.37 -0 .03 2 0.37 0.14 -0 .23 3 0.56 0.40 -0 .16 4 0.63 0.50 -0 .13 Start of Impact 5 0.33 0.26 -0 .07 6 0.45 0.22 -0 .23 Mean Difference Before -0 .13...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21