Ecological Modeling in Risk Assessment - Chapter 9 pps

... et al. 198 8, 199 2, 199 9; Hanratty and Stay 199 4; Park 199 8). Only one model (IFEM**) fully integrates exposure and effects assessments in a probabilistic framework (Bartell et al. 198 8). The ... endpoints included in the model are relevant to ecological risk assessment. The examination of direct and indirect effects of stressors (e.g., entrain - ment) is of high interest...

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... of expressing risk from the output of a population model are discussed later in this chapter (see Steps in Ecological Modeling for a Chemical Risk Assessment, Define Ecological Modeling Objectives). 1574CH01.fm ... 198 6; Emlen 198 9; Bartell et al. 199 2; Ferson et al. 199 6; Barnthouse 199 8; Forbes and Calow 199 9; Landis 2000; Snell and Serra 2000; Suter and Barnthou...

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... Beissinger ( 199 5) House sparrow (Passer domesticus) India, Pakistan Slade ( 199 4) Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Northeast Pacific Pascual and Adkinson ( 199 4) American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) ... songbirds User defined Legendre ( 199 9) ULM — deterministic stage-based matrix and stochastic stage-based matrix Snake (Vipera ursinii ursinii) and raptor (Gyps fulvus fulv...

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... dynamics in each patch (Akçakaya 199 8a,b; Akçakaya et al. 199 5; Kingston 199 5) • VORTEX, an individual-based metapopulation model (Lacy 199 3; Lindenmayer et al. 199 5) • ALFISH (ATLSS landscape fish ... transition Verboom et al. ( 199 1); Sjögren-Gulve and Ray ( 199 6) ◆ ◆ ◆◆ ◆◆◆ ◆◆ ◆◆ ◆◆ ◆◆ ◆ RAMAS Metapop and RAMAS GIS Akçakaya et al. ( 199 5); Kingston ( 199 5); Akçakaya ( 199 8...

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... (Lotka 192 4; Volterra 192 6; Watt 195 9; Holling 195 9, 196 6; Ivlev 196 1; Hassell and Varley 196 9; Gallopin 197 1; DeAngelis et al. 197 5; Arditi and Ginzburg 198 9) • Population-dynamic food-chain models ... fundamental ingredient in a food-web model. Numerous predator–prey models exist (Lotka 192 4; Volterra 192 6; Watt 195 9; Holling 195 9, 196 6; Ivlev 196 1; Hassell and Varley 1...

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... through time (USDA 199 9) • FORCLIM (forest climate model) (Bugmann 199 7; Bugmann and Cramer 199 8) • FORSKA (Lindner et al. 199 7, 2000; Lindner 2000) • HYBRID (Friend et al. 199 3; 199 7) • ORGANON (Oregon ... developing silvicultural prescriptions, evaluating management scenar - ios, updating inventory information, and providing input to forest planning models (USDA 199 9 and referen...

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... modeling (Nestler 2001, pers. comm.). The modeling strategy inherent in CEL HYBRID has subtle problems in maintaining conser- vation when any sources or sinks are present and a problem with inflation ... model (Liu and Ashton 199 8) • FORMIX (forest mixed) model (Bossel and Krieger 199 1) • ZELIG (Burton and Urban 199 0) • JABOWA (Botkin et al. 197 2; West et al. 198 1; Botkin 199 3a,...

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... Richter-Dyn ( 197 4), May ( 197 4), Ginzburg et al. ( 198 2), Iwasa ( 199 8), Tanaka ( 199 8), Hakoyama and Iwasa ( 199 9) Stressor: Any stressor whose impacts can be summarized as a change in the mean or variance ... sparse Model: Stochastic Discrete-Time Models References: Poole ( 197 4), Capocelli and Ricciardi ( 197 4), Goel and Richter-Dyn ( 197 4), May ( 197 4), Ginzburg et al. ( 1...

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... INVESTMENT TRADE-OFFS Investments in enhancing the use of ecological models in environmental decision-making involve three trade-offs represented by the diamond-shaped boxes in Figure 14.1 (Ginzburg ... Akçakaya (in press). Science and management investments needed to enhance the use of ecological modeling in decision-making. In V. Dale, Ed., Ecological Modeling for...

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... Increasingly, ecotoxicol - ogists are calling for an evaluation of population-level effects (Barnthouse et al. 198 6; Emlen 198 9; Sibley 199 6; Caswell 199 6; Barnthouse 199 8; Forbes and Calow 199 9; ... cost-effective approach for addressing many risk assessment issues (Ferson et al. 199 6; Barnthouse 199 8). Indeed, incorporation of simple, scalar population modeling into sc...

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