Ecosystems and Human Health - Chapter 4 potx

... 38 44 , 1990. McDonald, J.C. and McDonald, A.D., Asbestos and carcinogenicity, Science, 249 , 844 (letter), 1990. Mossman, B.T., Bignon, J., Corn, M. et al., Asbestos: scientific developments and implications ... subject of cli- matic, hydrologic, and ecological study for over 20 years. Records show that both air and lake-water temperatures have increased by 2°C during this period...

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... Science , 249 , 1378–1381, 1990. Report of the Working Group on Electric and Magnetic ELF Fields. Electric and Magnetic Fields and Your Health. Publ. # H4 6-2 /8 9-1 40 E, Min. Supply and Services ... G.J., and Neary, N.M., Distribution of childhood leukemias and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas near nuclear installations in England and Wales, Br. Med. J ., 309, 501–505, 19...

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... such as -NH 2 , -OH, -SH, or -COOH. The oxidation reactions include N- and O-dealkylations, side-chain and aromatic hydroxylations, N-oxidation and hydroxylation, sulfoxide formation, and desulfuration. ... environmental hazards — both man- made and natural — and with the risks to human health that they pose. It is designed such that topics are generally introduced in the...

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... detecting one breast cancer through annual mammography in 4 0- to 50-year-old women has been esti- mated at $ 144 ,000. In the 5 5- to 65-year-old group, it drops to $90,000. Legislators are required ... risk factor (i.e., of human origin). Risk assessment and carcinogenesis As already noted, this is the most complicated and least reliable area regard- ing the prediction of...

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... Chlorphenoxy acid herbicides The chlorphenoxy acid herbicides 2 , 4- D and 2 ,4, 5-T have been widely used on lawns and along road and railway rights-of-way. They mimic plant growth hormones so that accelerated ... extreme and there may be short- or long-term effects on human health. Usual disposal methods for these substances include surface impoundments used in industry (45 –5...

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... North America and pregnant women are advised to avoid it. Herbicides This group includes 2 , 4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 , 4- D), 2 ,4, 5-trichlorophe- noxyacetic acid (2 ,4, 5-T), and dioxins such ... 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p - dioxin (TCDD = dioxin). Agent Orange, used as a defoliant in Vietnam, was equal parts of 2 ,4, -D and 2 ,4, 5,-T and contained TCDD as a...

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... metallothioneins (MTs) based on their amino acid sequences. MT-I and MT-II are the most widely distributed, while MT-III and MT-IV are restricted to neuronal and squamous epithelial cells. MTs have a high affinity ... copper, mercury, and zinc. Such induction makes them important defenses against heavy-metal poisoning, and experiments with knockout mice have shown that the absence of...

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... been demonstrated. The group includes toluene (1-methylbenzene) and the xylenes (1, 2-, 1, 3-, and 1 , 4- dimethylbenzene), as well as ethylbenzene and cumene (isopropylbenzene). Dinitrobenzene is ... signs and symptoms resemble ethanol poisoning. After 24 hr, there may be pulmonary edema and myocardial depression; and after 48 hr, renal tubular necrosis and renal failure...

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... York, 1989, 42 9 44 6. Foster, B.C. et al., Effects of Chinese herbal products on cytochrome P -4 5 0 drug metabolism, Can. J. Infect. Dis., 11 (Suppl. B), 144 P- 145 P, 2000. Freydberg, N. and Gortner, ... percep- tions and beliefs regarding herbal therapies, Pharmacotherapy, 20, 83–87, 2000. Baily-Klepser, T. and Klepser, M.E., Unsafe and potentially safe herbal therapies, Am. J....

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... diquat. O 2 N CHCH 2 CH 3 CH 3 NO 3 OH O 2 N CH 3 NO 2 OH DINOSEB ( 2-sec-buty 1 -4 , 6-dinitropheno1 ) DNOC ( 4, 6-dinitro-o-cresol ) H 3 CCH 3 NN ++ PARAQUAT DIQUAT DIBROMIDE NN + + 2Br - ©2001 CRC Press LLC Nonspecificity Broad-spectrum pesticides, ... 1 947 , is out of favor because handlers may be at considerable risk for teratogenic effects, Figure 34 Chemical structures...

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