Handbook Heat Treating (1991) WW Part 13 potx

... for the as-cast scatter by heat treatment. The combination of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) plus heat treatment has also greatly enhanced properties. Generally, heat treating cast superalloys ... solution heat treatments or aging heat treatments. A stress-relief heat treatment may also be performed to reduce residual casting, welding, or machining stresses. Cobalt-base alloy...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... management attention and planning, particularly in heat- treating operations that have had their energy supplies curtailed. In the past, heat- treating operations required a supply of natural gas, ... (150) High -heat furnace Open chamber, electrically heated; front push, rear pull Size of hearth, mm (in.) 255 by 610 (10 by 24) (preheating) 255 by 915 mm (10 by 36 in.) (high hea...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... in practical heat- treating operations. When temperature uniformity is the ultimate objective of the heating cycle, this is more safely attained by slowly heating than by rapidly heating. Furthermore, ... electron-beam heat treating • A selective surface hardening process that rapidly heats a surface by direct bombardment with an accelerated stream of electrons. • embrittlement •...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... of defects in heat- treated parts and the use of computer programs for designing heat- treat operations and predicting the properties of heat- treated steels. Because the heat- treating industry ... when parts are exposed to temperatures in the critical range for rather long times and is a concern for parts exposed to these temperatures while in service or when heat treating ver...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... heat transfer coefficient is defined as: (Eq 1) where h is the interface heat transfer coefficient; q is the heat flow from the part to the quenchant; A is the part area; T 1 is the part ... Heat Transfer during Quenching. Heat removal from parts during quenching can be mathematically described in terms of the effective interface heat transfer coefficient. A quencha...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... other parts whose geometries were not so simple. Most recently, induction hardening and tempering techniques have been developed for purposes of heat treating to large case depths and heat treating ... 1990, p 137 5 -137 9 2. R.F. Barron, "How Cryogenic Treatment Controls Wear," 21st Inter- Plant Tool and Gage Conference, Western Electric Company, Shreveport, LA, 1982...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... the ASM Committee on Vacuum Heat Treating * Introduction VACUUM HEAT TREATING consists of thermally treating metals in heated enclosures that are evacuated to partial pressures compatible ... vessel is heated by external heating elements in the hot-wall construction. The heat is contained by insulation materials similar to the materials used in electrically heated heat- t...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... factors for three heats to induction harden a 34.11 mm (1.343 in.) yoke- spline 1040 steel shaft per Table 3 specifications Process conditions Process factor Heat 1 Heat 2 Heat 3 Scan speed, ... still be essential to straighten after heat treatment, which has already been discussed. Grinding after Heat Treatment. In the case of carburized or nitrided parts, the metallurgist and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21

... by supercritical heat treatment when as-cast hardness was insufficient. An austenitizing heat treatment usually comprised heating at temperatures between 750 and 790 °C (138 0 and 1450 °F) with ... recommended. Simple shapes and fully pearlitic castings can be heated at faster rates. The heating rate can be accelerated above red heat. Fig. 14 Heat treatment schedule for hardening...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:21