Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Appendix (end) pdf

... Framework for Ecological Risk Assess- ment. EPA/630/R-92/001. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, D.C. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1992b. Dermal Exposure Assessment: Princi- ples ... 1989a. Risk Assesment Guidance for Super- fund, Vol. II: Environmental Evaluation Manual. EPA/54 0-1 -8 9/001. U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. © 2000 by C...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... as much care. 2.1 RISK MANAGERS AND RISK ASSESSORS The primary purpose of performing ecological risk assessments for contaminated sites is to provide information needed for a decision concerning ... 2.3 Criteria for Selection of Assessment Endpoints for Ecological Risk Assessments 1. Policy goals and societal values — Because the risks to the assessment e...

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... concern. In a retrospective risk assess- ment for a contaminated site, it is rarely necessary to model chemical transport and fate in soil. An exception is the risk assessment for a future scenario ... their activity patterns (except for exposure depth) are not relevant for an ecological risk assessment. Wildlife receptors that are directly exposed to soil der- mally and...

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... below. Siluriformes Perciformes 190 63 83 Anguiliformes Tetraodontiformes 12 13 18 Anguiliformes Perciformes 34 25 34 Anguiliformes Gasterosteiformes 8 16 24 Anguiliformes Atheriniformes 46 9 12 Atheriniformes ... Classes Salmoniformes Cypriniformes 225 20 27 Salmoniformes Siluriformes 203 39 51 Salmoniformes Perciformes 443 12 16 Cypriniformes Siluriformes 111 11 15 Cypriniformes Perciformes...

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... as individuals, most risk manage- ment decisions for wildlife are based on population-level effects. Therefore, for the results of the risk characterization to be of use for risk management, extrapolations from ... applied to dioxin-like compounds. Generation of 7-ethoxyre- sorufin- o -deethylase (EROD) in rat hepatoma cell cultures has been used as a bioassay for 2,3,7,8-TCD...

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... multiple contami- nated sites require remediation. The process of prioritizing these sites should incor- porate principles of ecological risk assessment. For example, if all sites cannot be remediated ... necessary to use an ecological risk assessment framework that has been developed for multiple activities. The standard ecological risk assessment framework was dev...

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... Land-use scenarios play a different role in ecological risk assessments than they do in human health risk assessments. For human health risk assessments, remediation depends on the land-use ... PRGs based on ecological risk or even what level of protection is analogous to the 10 -6 risk for human carcinogens. (See Section 9.2.3 for a discussion of balancing health a...

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... adjunct to risk assessment, NRDA and ecological risk assessment practices may converge. The NRDA process is particularly problematical for federal agencies that have contaminated sites for which ... of performing the assessment (Figure 10.1). Restoration costs and assessment costs may be controversial, if the responsible party believes that the trustee is performing a go...

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... contribution of risk from sources, risk in habitats, and risk to assessment endpoints can be calculated in a region. The ultimate differ- ence between an RRM risk assessment and traditional risk assessments ... Assessment Science Integrat- ing Point and Nonpoint Sources [CD ROM]. Office of Water, Washington, D.C., EPA- 823-C-0 1-0 10. USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agen...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:21

... framework for sediment assessment developed for the Great Lakes. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 8:1655. Gray, G.M. 1994. Complete risk characterization. Risk Persp., 2:1–2. GREAT-ER Task Force (1997) GREAT-ER: ... P.G. 1994. Risk assessment for the release of recombinant Rhizobia at a small- scale agricultural field site. Pages 2–1–2–F3 in A Review of Ecological Assessment Cas...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:21