Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 7 doc

... multiple contami- nated sites require remediation. The process of prioritizing these sites should incor- porate principles of ecological risk assessment. For example, if all sites cannot be remediated ... necessary to use an ecological risk assessment framework that has been developed for multiple activities. The standard ecological risk assessment framework was dev...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... as much care. 2.1 RISK MANAGERS AND RISK ASSESSORS The primary purpose of performing ecological risk assessments for contaminated sites is to provide information needed for a decision concerning ... 2.3 Criteria for Selection of Assessment Endpoints for Ecological Risk Assessments 1. Policy goals and societal values — Because the risks to the assessment e...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... play a different role in ecological risk assessments than they do in human health risk assessments. For human health risk assessments, remediation depends on the land-use scenario because land ... PRGs based on ecological risk or even what level of protection is analogous to the 10 -6 risk for human carcinogens. (See Section 9.2.3 for a discussion of balancing health...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... (with shell) 74 6.1 Shrimp 78 3.3 Isopods, amphipods 71 –80 Cladocerans 79 – 87 Aquatic vertebrates Bony fishes 75 5.1 Pacific herring 68 3.9 Aquatic plants Algae 84 4 .7 Aquatic macrophytes 87 3.1 Emergent ... concern. In a retrospective risk assess- ment for a contaminated site, it is rarely necessary to model chemical transport and fate in soil. An exception is the risk asse...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... 12 Atheriniformes Cypriniformes 7 501 b 78 6 b Atheriniformes Tetraodontiformes 46 13 17 Atheriniformes Perciformes 148 25 33 Atheriniformes Gasterosteiformes 36 20 27 Gasterosteiformes Tetraodontiformes 8 20 ... below. Siluriformes Perciformes 190 63 83 Anguiliformes Tetraodontiformes 12 13 18 Anguiliformes Perciformes 34 25 34 Anguiliformes Gasterosteiformes 8 16 24 Anguiliformes Ather...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... applied to dioxin-like compounds. Generation of 7- ethoxyre- sorufin- o -deethylase (EROD) in rat hepatoma cell cultures has been used as a bioassay for 2,3 ,7, 8-TCDD-equivalents (TCDD-EQs) in the ... as individuals, most risk manage- ment decisions for wildlife are based on population-level effects. Therefore, for the results of the risk characterization to be of use for ri...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... adjunct to risk assessment, NRDA and ecological risk assessment practices may converge. The NRDA process is particularly problematical for federal agencies that have contaminated sites for which ... be needed for spills or CERCLA emergency actions, but is unlikely to be needed for typical CERCLA NRDAs. Where an RI/FS has been performed, the ecological risk assessment...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... Framework for Ecological Risk Assess- ment. EPA/630/R-92/001. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, D.C. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1992b. Dermal Exposure Assessment: Princi- ples ... 19 97. Priorities for Ecolog- ical Protection: An Initial List and Discussion Document for EPA. EPA/600/S- 97/ 002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Baud-Grasse...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... CHAPTER 7 Application of Ecological and Thermodynamic Indicators for the Assessment of the Ecosystem Health of Coastal Areas S.E. Jørgensen Six ecological indica tors, ... respiration, R 2 ¼ 0. 87 see Figure 7. 6.  Respiration/biomass to specific exergy, R 2 ¼ 0.86, see Figure 7. 7.  Respiratory to exergy dissipation or destruction, R 2 ¼ 0.86, see Figure 7. 8. 7. 3 DISCUSS...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... into the waste; these sites present the greatest challenge for cover performance. Climate is a major determinant of ET cover performance at a given site and the evaporation-to-precipitation ratio ... readily available cli- mate information provides an inexpensive initial assessment for these landll sites. Although interesting, monthly or annual average values of precipitation, te...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20