Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 2 docx
Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 2 docx
... least as much care. 2. 1 RISK MANAGERS AND RISK ASSESSORS The primary purpose of performing ecological risk assessments for contaminated sites is to provide information needed for a decision concerning ... are listed in Box 2. 4. Classes ofpotential assessment endpoint entities are discussed below. BOX 2. 3Criteria for Selection of Assessment Endpoints for Ecological Risk Assessments 1. Policy ... to answer the DQO questions (see Box 2. 1).Sampling design for ecological risk assessment of contaminated sites is discussedin Stevens et al. (1989a).© 20 00 by CRC Press LLCA major issue to...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 3 potx
... Rocky Flats, COPu -2 3 9 andPu -2 4 00–3 cm: 116550–6 cm: 101010–9 cm: 84980– 12 cm: 70950–18 cm: 50010 24 cm: 38060–36 cm: 25 750–48 cm: 19350– 72 cm: 129 10–96 cm: 969 72 96 cm: 3.7Litaor ... the following rela-tionships between body mass and home range in mammals:HRherb = 0.0 02 (BW)1. 02 (3 .27 )HRomn = 0.59 (BW)0. 92 (3 .28 )andHRcarn = 0.11 (BW)1.36 (3 .29 )whereHRherb ... moreuseful for estimating future soil concentrations at most sites than soil models.© 20 00 by CRC Press LLC organisms (Chapter 4) and are widely recognized as a potentially useful tool for theassessment...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 4 potx
... below.Siluriformes Perciformes 190 63 83Anguiliformes Tetraodontiformes 12 13 18Anguiliformes Perciformes 34 25 34Anguiliformes Gasterosteiformes 8 16 24 Anguiliformes Atheriniformes 46 9 12 Atheriniformes ... Cypriniformes 7 501b786bAtheriniformes Tetraodontiformes 46 13 17Atheriniformes Perciformes 148 25 33Atheriniformes Gasterosteiformes 36 20 27 Gasterosteiformes Tetraodontiformes 8 20 30Gasterosteiformes ... Cypriniformes 22 5 20 27 Salmoniformes Siluriformes 20 3 39 51Salmoniformes Perciformes 443 12 16Cypriniformes Siluriformes 111 11 15Cypriniformes Perciformes 21 9 32 43© 20 00 by CRC Press LLC4.1.11...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 6 ppt
... applied to dioxin-like compounds. Generation of 7-ethoxyre-sorufin- o -deethylase (EROD) in rat hepatoma cell cultures has been used as abioassay for 2, 3,7,8-TCDD-equivalents (TCDD-EQs) in the ... as individuals, most risk manage-ment decisions for wildlife are based on population-level effects. Therefore, for theresults of the risk characterization to be of use for risk management, extrapolationsfrom ... Administra-tion (NOAA) effects range–low (ER-L) and effects range–median (ER-M) values.© 20 00 by CRC Press LLC The calculation of HQs does not address risks to populations. However, for small sites...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 7 doc
... multiple contami-nated sites require remediation. The process of prioritizing these sites should incor-porate principles of ecological risk assessment. For example, if all sites cannot beremediated ... necessary to use an ecological risk assessment framework that has beendeveloped for multiple activities. The standard ecological risk assessment frameworkwas developed for assessments of individual ... 9.1are added, the definition of de minimis ecological risk is revised to a more quan-titative form. De manifestis ecological risk • Risk to an ecological receptor (individual, population,...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 8 doc
... Land-use scenarios play a different role in ecological risk assessments than they doin human health risk assessments. For human health risk assessments, remediationdepends on the land-use ... PRGsbased on ecological risk or even what level of protection is analogous to the 10 -6 risk for human carcinogens. (See Section 9 .2. 3 for a discussion of balancing healthand ecological risks.) ... developed for six speciespresent on the Oak Ridge Reservation: short-tailed shrew, white-footed mouse, redfox, white-tailed deer, American woodcock, and red-tailed hawk. For each chemical,the PRG for...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 10 pot
... adjunct to risk assessment, NRDA and ecological risk assessment practices may converge. The NRDA process is particularly problematical for federal agencies that have contaminated sites for which ... expensive. 10 .2. 3 A SSESSMENT P HASE The assessment phase is equivalent to the analyses of exposure and effects and the risk characterization in a conventional ecological risk assessment. ... 10 .2. 2 A SSESSMENT P LAN P HASE The assessment plan for an NRDA is equivalent to the analysis plan for a remedialinvestigation. The discussion of analysis plans in Section 2. 7...
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Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Appendix (end) pdf
... Agency). 1992a. Framework for Ecological Risk Assess-ment. EPA/630/R- 92/ 001. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, D.C.EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1992b. Dermal Exposure Assessment: ... abbreviated as GIS.© 20 00 by CRC Press LLCEmlen, J. M. 1989. Terrestrial population models for ecological risk assessment: A state-of-the-art review. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 8:831–8 42. Emmerling, ... Population-level effects. In G. W. Suter II (Ed.), Ecological Risk Assessment . Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 24 7 27 4.Barnthouse, L. W. 1996. Guide for Developing Data Quality Objectives for...
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Evapotranspiration covers for landfills and waste sites - Chapter 2 docx
... abandoned landll sites are likely to fail in the long term, J. Environ. Quality, 22 (2) , 21 7 22 6.US EPA (1991). Design and Construction of RCRA/CERCLA Final Cover. EPA/ 625 / 4-9 1/ 025 , Ofce of Research ... leachate to meet site requirements. 2. 2 risk- BaseD/performanCe-BaseD remeDiationPreviously, regulatory preference for use of design parameters contained in regula-tions limited or precluded the ... http://www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/products/techtrans/land-llcovers/LandllProtocols.asp (accessed March 14, 20 08).© 20 09 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 12 Evapotranspiration Covers for Landfills and Waste Sites site-specic seismic risk assessment criteria. Richardson...
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Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health - Chapter 2 ppsx
... used as strong ecological indicators for thewater quality. 2. 2 .2 Level 2 Level 2 uses the ratio between class es of organisms. A characteristicexample is Nyggard algae index. 2. 2.3 Level 3Level ... detritus) andPi,a¼ 20 À700g½À 2: 6bÞwhere g is the number of genes.Equation 2. 4 is reformulated to:cieq% Pieq c0eq½Moles LÀ3 2: 7ÞEquation 2. 7 and Equation 2. 2 are combined:Ex ... equations. Theseequations are:S0¼ s þt=ð5 þ0:2sÞi0¼ðÀ0:0187s0 2 þ 2: 63s0À 4Þ 2: 20 À 0:0166hÞg0¼ I=ð0:0 124 i þ 1:63ÞP ¼ g0=½gði=i0Þ1 =2 where P is the coefficient of pollution,...
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