Engineering Materials vol 2 Part 12 docx

... cheaper. Table 26 .4 Specific strength of structural materials Material E r s r y K IC r Woods 20 –30 120 –170 1– 12 Al-alloy 25 179 8–16 Mild steel 26 30 18 Concrete 15 3 0.08 27 4 Engineering Materials 2 Fig. ... cell walls bend (Fig. 26 .5b,c). It behaves like a foam (Chapter 25 ) for which EE ws s ⊥ =       . ρ ρ 2 (26 .2) The elastic anisotropy 26 8 E...

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... n l Ebd bd n l Ebd bd ww ww cc cc 2 2 3 12 2 2 3 12 2 122 12 π ρ π ρ || || || || || || || ||             =             // (28 .28 ) which tells us that the composite plate must have a thickness of 328 Engineering ... 0.39 Mg m −3 . Equations (28 .22 ) and (28 .23 ) then give us the following data. f || (s −1 ) ≈ 59 23 6 531 944 1475 21 24 28 91...

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... 25 00-5400 27 50- 320 0 1800 -25 00 5000-1 5000 8000-1 20 00 120 0 -20 00 1300-3000 1800 -23 00 120 0-1 25 0 1150- 120 0 910- 120 0 91 0-930 120 0-1 A00 1100-1400 25 00- 320 0 120 0-1 800 680-1 20 0 1 100-3000 ... 450-1 20 0 300-1 000 320 -450 25 0-350 20 0-350 180 -20 0 100-300 128 -1 80 100-1 40 50-60 50-58 6-9 x lo8 7.5-8.4 X lo6 1.8 -2...

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... .( 2H'+2e + +l.( c 0 e -Fez' +ZwFe L - C 02+ +28 -3CO -znz- +ze-Zn u) -cP+ +38-3Cr E - Cdz+ +28 -3Cd s t -Ni2+ +Ee tNi -Sn2+ +28 -3Sn/Pbzt +2e+Pb -Ag*+++Ag - pt2+ ... fatigue (Fig. 23 .10). 22 4 Engineering Materials 1 The ceramics Sic and Si3N4 do not share this problem. They oxidise readily (Table 21 .1); but in doing so, a surface film of S...

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... 1.40 1 .20 1.80 1.53 1.80 1.59 1 726 1356 123 4 933 600 1753 21 73 21 63 27 41 28 83 327 1 3683 21 4 124 76 69 Id 196 130 r 00 360 180 406 28 9 27 8 Engineering Materials ... 0.150 0 .20 0 0 .25 0 0.300 1 .25 2. 50 3.75 5.00 6 .25 7.50 Load/kN 12 25 32 36 40 42 63 80 93 100 101 90 27 6 Engineering Materials 1 Data for ice and for dia...

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... 78 12 0 .21 140 1765 4 82 60 12 0.1–0 .2 20–50 1570 460 40 12 0.1–0 .2 50–170 1750 460 40 12 0.1–0.5 50–170 1680 500 12 30 10–18 0–0.18 6 20 1403 0.5–0.9 >100 1356 385 397 17 0.5 30–100 1190 121 ... 100 (140) 7.9 21 1 50 20 0 Mild steel 20 0 23 0 (26 0–300) 7.9 21 0 22 0 430 High-carbon steel 150 (20 0) 7.8 21 0 350–1600 650 20 00 Low-alloy steels 180 25 0 (23 0–330) 7.8...

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... eutectic 42 Ag + 19 Cu 610– 620 High-strength; high-temperature. (free-flowing) + 16 Zn + 25 Cd Silver; general-purpose 38 Ag + 20 Cu 605–650 High-strength; high-temperature. (pasty) + 22 Zn + 20 Cd Case ... hot-water layout, you will already have had some direct experience of this system. 22 Engineering Materials 2 Fig. 2. 7. Many metals are made up of two phases. This figure sh...

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... Conservation of volume gives 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 1 3 2 3 πππ rrr =+ . (5.30) Combining eqns (5 .29 ) and (5.30) gives ∆A = 4 1 3 2 323 1 2 2 2 πγ [( ) ( )]. / rr rr+−+ (5.31) For r 1 /r 2 in the range ... K, we find that W f = 1 .22 kJ kg −1 (or 22 J mol −1 ). 1 kg of water at 27 2 K thus has 1 .22 kJ of free work avail- able to make it turn into ice. The reverse is true at 27...

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... the vol- ume of the nucleus. For 0 ഛ θ ഛ 90° these are: solid–liquid area = 2 π r 2 (1 − cos θ ); (7.4) catalyst–solid area = π r 2 (1 − cos 2 θ ); (7.5) nucleus volume = 2 3 1 3 2 1 2 3 3 πr ... (7.1) we can write W f = 2 π r 2 (1 − cos θ ) γ SL + π r 2 (1 − cos 2 θ ) γ CS − π r 2 (1 − cos 2 θ ) γ CL −−+       − cos cos ( ) . 2 3 1 3 2...

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... 2. 1 41–160 150 25 0 Ti alloys 4.5 120 170– 128 0 27 2. 4 1.1 38 28 0 400–600 (Steels) (7.9) (21 0) (22 0–1600) 27 1.8 0.75 28 20 0 (400–600) * See Chapter 25 and Fig. 25 .7 for more information about these ... strength E / r*E 1 /2 / r*E 1/3 / r* s y / r* Creep r (Mg m − 3 ) modulus s y (MPa) temperature E (GPa) (°C) Al alloys 2. 7 71 25 –600 26 3.1 1.5 9 22 0 150 25 0 Mg alloys...

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