Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 5 pot
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 5 pot
... reflex.
Mechano-
receptor
Mechano-
receptor
Mechano-
receptor
Chemo-
receptor
Chemo-
receptor
Chemo-
receptor
2
Chemo-
receptor
Chemo-
receptor
Nociceptor
Nociceptor
Various
Proprio-
ceptor
Proprio-
ceptor,
Chemo-
receptor
Thermo-
receptor
Thermo-
receptor
Internal
Carotids ... baroreceptors) enter the medulla at the nucleus trac-
tus solitarius (NTS), which projects inhibitory interneuron...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 7 pot
... through the
capillary loops and the venous plexus. In addi-
tion to sympathetic neural control, the resis-
tance vessels and AV anastomoses are very
sensitive to ␣-adrenoceptor-mediated vaso-
constriction ... only 25 35 mm Hg, which cor-
responds to a 30% to 60% loss of oxygen con-
tent of the blood. Therefore, substantial
amounts of oxygen diffuse out of the blood be-
fore...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 8 pot
... required to switch over to anaerobic gly-
colysis for the production of ATP. Acidosis
stimulates peripheral and central chemore-
ceptors, leading to increased sympathetic ac-
tivity to the systemic ... shock.
The following discussion specifically ad-
dresses compensatory mechanisms in hy-
potension caused by hemorrhage-induced hy-
povolemia.
The baroreceptor reflex is the firs...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 10 pot
... be-
cause of the large stroke volume ejected into
the aorta. As long as the ventricle is not in fail-
ure, normal end-systolic volumes can be sus-
tained; however, the end-systolic volume in-
creases ... Klabunde 155 5 Supplemental 6/3/04 6:31 PM Page 11
afterload (particularly aortic diastolic pres-
sure) enables the end-systolic volume to de-
crease slightly, but not enough to...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 1 doc
... gradient, to enter the cell.
As the m-gates open, the h-gates begin to
close; however, the m-gates open more rapidly
than the h-gates close. The difference in the
opening and closing rates of the two ... (°K).
The equilibrium potential is the potential dif-
ference across the membrane required to
maintain the concentration gradient across
the membrane. In other...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 2 pdf
... filament.
Ch03_04 1-0 58 _Klabunde 4/21/04 10 :57 AM Page 43
wave of the QRS). About 20 milliseconds
later, the mean electrical vector points down-
ward toward the apex (vector 2), and heads to-
ward the positive ... heading di-
rectly toward the positive electrode, gives the greatest
positive deflection. As the vector moves around the axis
to the left, and therefore mo...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 3 pdf
... causes the end-diastolic pressure-
volume curve to shift up and to the left, as shown in Figure 4-2 7. This shift will reduce
the end-diastolic volume and increase the end-diastolic pressure at the ... occurs because the total energy of
the blood within the ventricle exceeds the to-
tal energy of blood within the aorta. The total
energy of the blood is the su...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 6 docx
... 
2
-adrenoceptors) or in-
creases (via vascular ␣
1
and ␣
2
-adrenocep-
tors) systemic vascular resistance, depend-
ing upon the plasma concentration.
• The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
plays ... barorecep-
tor activity (e.g., carotid sinus and aortic
arch receptors) tonically inhibits sympa-
thetic outflow to the heart and blood ves-
sels, and it tonically stimulates vagal...
Introduction to the Cardiovascular System - part 9 ppsx
... PHYSIOLOGICAL
ACTIONS OF ENDOTHELIN-1
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is synthesized from an
endothelin precursor (big ET-1 or pro-ET-1)
and cleaved to ET-1 by endothelin convert-
ing enzyme (ECE) found on the endothelial
cell ... sympathetic tone on the
systemic vasculature.
5. The correct answer is “b” because in-
creased blood pCO
2
stimulates chemore-
ceptors, which activate the sympatheti...
How the japanese learn to work 2nd edition - part 5 potx
... large firms which were prepared to give them both on-
the- job and off -the- job training suited to their own particular needs. But
they offered those in the next band of the ability spectrum (or those ... cent of total employment in 1970, but are likely to
exceed half the total by the turn of this century. The bias towards generalist
and on -the- job training thus far is see...