Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 4 pdf
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 4 pdf
... Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11: 147 7-1 48 3.
Sugiura, K. 1992. A multispecies laboratory microcosm for screening ecotoxicological
impacts of chemicals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11: 121 7-1 226.
U.S. Environmental ... used in toxicity testing when attempting to compare results.
Algal 96-H Growth Toxicity Test
The purpose of this toxicity test is to examine the toxicity of m...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 8 pdf
... amounts to 15 to 25 mg/day and represents two-thirds of the total
absorbed Pb. By contrast, about 20 to 40 % of the inhaled Pb is absorbed, amounting
to about 8 mg/day, or one-third of the total absorbed ... coordination. The relative
toxicity of various compounds toward tissue depends on their relative ease of for-
mation of the Hg
2+
ion.
The biological half-life...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 2 ppsx
... in toxicant concentrations or interspecific inter-
actions.
The range of scales important in environmental toxicology range from the few
angstroms of molecular interactions to the hundreds of ... responsible for
© 1999 by CRC Press LLC
CHAPTER
2
A Framework for Environmental Toxicology
Environmental toxicology can be simplified to the understanding of only three
fu...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 3 pot
... repeatable laboratory data to effects upon the systems that environmental toxi-
cology tries to protect is often called the lab -to- field dilemma. Comparisons of
laboratory data to field results ... Aquat.
Toxicol. 22: 12 9-1 44 .
© 1999 by CRC Press LLC
One of the primary reasons for conducting any type of toxicity test is to rank
chemicals as to their toxicity. T...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 6 docx
... New
York, pp. 45 2 -4 55.
Calamari D. and R. Marchetti. 1973. The toxicity of mixtures of metals and surfactants to
rainbow trout (
Salmo gairdneri
Rich.).
Wat. Res
. 7: 145 3-1 46 4.
Calamari, ... liver
to 25-hydroxy-D
3
. This is then converted in the kidney to 1,25-dihydroxy-D
3
, the
“hormone-like” substance that is the active form of the vitamin. The 25...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 9 potx
... well.
Figure 9.3
The cytochrome P -4 5 0 monoxygenase system. P -4 5 0
3+
: cytochrome P -4 5 0 with
heme iron in oxidized state (Fe
3+
); P -4 5 0
2+
: cytochrome P -4 5 0 with iron in reduced ... Mn
2+
. Tt DFPase-1, Tt DFPase-
2, and Tt DFPase-3 are only stimulated 2 to 4 fold, and part of this increase may
be due to contamination by the higher molecular weight Tt...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 10 docx
... of the
Ecological Effects of Toxicants
INTRODUCTION
This chapter deals with perhaps the most difficult topic in environmental toxi-
cology, how to measure and then evaluate the impact of toxicants ... toxicants at ecological levels
of organization. The chapter starts with an evaluation of methods and ends with a
discussion of the responses of ecosystems to chemi...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - CHAPTER 11 doc
... Relationship of toxicity data from one species to
another or perhaps more often, class to class. Often only a 96-h green algal toxicity
test is available to use as a representative of all photosynthetic ... Relationship between two toxicity endpoints such as
the NOAEL and the EC
50
.
3. Laboratory -to- field extrapolation — Relationship of the estimate of toxicity gath-
ered...
Introduction to ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems - APPENDIX doc
... (ERL-D-SOP-
CTI-016),
Chironomus tentans
(ERL-D-SOP-CTI-015), and
Lumbriculus variegatus
(ERL-D-SOP-CTI-017), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental
Research Laboratory, ... Environmental Monitoring Systems Labo-
ratory, Of ce of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, EPA 600/ 4- 9 0/0027, pp.
4 4- 6 9.
USEPA. 1991b. Compendium of ERT Toxicity Testi...
SAFE USE OF CHEMICALS: A Practical Guide - Chapter 4 pdf
... death. 1 , 4- Dioxane also caused hepatic and renal lesions, demy-
elination, and edema of the brain.
1 4, 46 48
1 , 4- Dioxane and cancer: Laboratory studies with animals exposed to 1 , 4- diox-
ane showed ... (CAS no. 9 5 -4 7-6 ); m-xylene (CAS no.
10 8-3 8-3 ); p-xylene (CAS no. 10 6 -4 2-3 )
Molecular formula: C
8
H
10
Synonyms and trade names: dimethyl benzene, xylol, me...