Essential Guide to Acute Care - part 4 docx

... BiPAP is used in certain patients with a mild -to- moderate acute respiratory acidosis (see Fig. 4. 6). In an acute exacerbation of COPD, it is usual to begin with an IPAP of 15 cmH 2 O and an EPAP ... are used to determine a patient’s intra-vascular volume status: • History • Bedside examination Pre-operative 24 h Normal SIRS Microalbuminuria Surgery Pre-operative 24 hSurgery Figu...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... index. ISBN-13: 97 8-1 -4 0 5 1-3 97 2 -4 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1 -4 05 1-3 97 2-2 (alk. paper) 1. Critical care medicine. I. Forrest, Kirsty. II. Cramp, Paul. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Critical Care. WX 218 C777e ... Critical Care. WX 218 C777e 2006] RC86.7.C656 2006 616.02Ј8–dc22 2006000965 ISBN-13: 97 8-1 -4 0 5 1-3 97 2 -4 ISBN-10: 1 -4 05 1-3 97 2-2 A catalogue reco...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... people have acute but not chronic respiratory failure. Non-invasive ventilation has been shown to be a very suc- cessful treatment for acute respiratory failure (or acute on chronic respiratory failure) ... prognostic indicators for patients admitted to intensive care. Intensive Care Medicine 2001; 27: 74 83. Further resources • www.brit-thoracic.org.uk/iqs/bts_guidelines_copd_h...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... illness. Self-assessment: case histories Normal values: pH 7.35–7 .45 , PaCO 2 4. 5–6.0 (35 46 mmHg), PaO 2 11– 14. 5 kPa (83–108 mmHg), BE –2 to ϩ 2, st bicarbonate 22–28 mmol/l. 1 A 65-year-old man ... 2 4- year-old man • A 56-year-old lady with COPD who has been started on a diuretic for peripheral oedema, resulting in a 3 kg weight loss • A 1 4- year-old girl with a severe asthma attac...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... 2 74 7 .4 2–3 h Haemaccel 145 5.1 6.25 (25) 145 301 7.3 2–3 h Albumin 4. 5% 145 Ͻ2 0 145 290 7 .4 6–12 h Albumin 20% 145 Ͻ2 0 145 290 7 .4 6–12 h *HES 6% 1 54 0 0 1 54 310 5.5 7– 24 h Figure 5.9 Electrolyte ... body’s initial response to a pro-inflammatory insult is to release mediators like tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and platelet-activating factor. These...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... [17]. The number needed to treat with low-dose cortico- steroids to save one additional life was nine. Treatment with low-dose cortico- steroids was also more likely to reverse shock (dependence ... reduces 108 Chapter 6 Receptor Action Where ␣-receptors Vasoconstriction Peripheral, renal, coronary ␤1-receptors ↑ Contractility Heart ↑ Heart rate ↑ Cardiac output ␤2-receptors Vasodilatat...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... of in-hospital cardiac arrests [21]. Brain failure 143 939 349 303 1000 500 Total number of arrests ROSC Survival to discharge 42 9 181 59 3 942 cardiac arrest calls 247 7 cardiac arrests 20 74 audit forms submitted 1368 ... in high-risk surgical and critically ill patients. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005; 94( 4): 45 9 46 7. 15. Burton CJ and Tomson CRV. Can the use of low-dose...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... 50% dextrose and call doctor 4. 0 0.25 0.5 1 4. 0–9 0.5 1 2 9.1–11 1 2 4 11.1–17 2 3 8 17.1–28 4 4 10 Ͼ28 6 and call doctor to 6 and call doctor to 12 and call doctor to review regimen review ... identified and pre- optimised in order to improve outcome. • Basic resuscitation (ABC) prior to surgery is important. Self-assessment: case histories 1 A 75-year-old woman has been a...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... is 4 g in 24 h. It can be given orally, rectally or i.v. (as Perfalgan ® ). Side effects are rare. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. diclofenac) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ... of analgesia? 3 A 30-year-old man is about to have a chest drain inserted. He weighs 60 kg. Calculate the maximum safe dose of lidocaine and prescribe post-procedure analgesia. 4 A 60-year-ol...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21