Endocrinology Basic and Clinical Principles - part 10 ppsx

... drop out. In a 26-wk randomized, double-blind, placebo-con- trolled parallel-group trial in healthy elderly men and women, the effects of GH and/ or sex steroids (test- osterone in men, estrogens and progesterone ... network of enzymes into androgens and/ or estrogens. The key enzymes are aromatase, steroid sulfatase, 3β-hydroxy- steroid-dehydrogenases, and at least seven organ-spe- c...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... of TGF-β class. ENDOCRINOLOGY v Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles, Sec- ond Edition aims to provide a comprehensive knowl- edge base for the applied and clinical science of endocrinology. ... con- cise and comparative format. Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles, Sec- ond Edition will be useful to physicians and scientists as well as to students w...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... (1[OH ]-2 4,25,26,2 7- tetranor-23-COOH-D) or 1,25(OH) 2 D-26,23-lactone. 24,25(OH) 2 D can also be metabolized by two pathways leading to either 25,26,27-trinor-24-COOH-D or 24, 25,26,27-tetranor-23-COOH-D. 2.1.4. ... fea- tures of hyperparathyroidism, such as severe hypercal- Chapter 18 / Calcium-Regulating Hormones 283 283 From: Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles, Se...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... PRL) The GH and PRL receptors belong to a large super- family of receptors that include the cytokine receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-11, IL-12, erythropoietin, ... colony-stimulating factor, interferon-β (IFN-β), IFN-γ, and CNTF. Many of these receptors are heterodimers consisting of an α-ligand-binding subunit and a β-signaling subunit. Howeve...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes 93 93 From: Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles, Second Edition (S. Melmed and P. M. Conn, eds.) © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ 7 Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes Locally ... suppress- ing cell-mediated immunity (T-cell). EAE, collagen- induced arthritis and AA are all considered to be primarily T-cell-mediated disease models. Testoster...

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... corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone, 20α-hydroxy- 4-pregnen-3-one, pregnenolone, 17β-hydroxypro- gesterone, 4-androstenedione, estrone, and estradiol. In bovine and ovine corpora lutea, although large ... steroidogenesis are exemplified, on the one hand, by the bovine corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone, 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, and preg- nenolone, and on the other h...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... the gene, including the 39-amino-acid adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), α-mel- anocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-MSH,β-lipo- tropin (β-LPH), β-endorphin, and corticotropin-like intermediate lobe ... longer action and different activities than somatostatin, and do not require iv administration. The best-studied among these analogs is octreotide (D-Phe-Cys-Phe-D-Trp- Lys-Thr-Cys-Thr[ol]),...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... (BMI >38 kg/m 2 ). PPAR-γ exists as two isoforms, PPAR- -1 and -2 , derived by alternate pro- moter usage, and much interest has focused on a poly- morphism in the PPAR- -2 gene that is exclusively expressed ... hypercalce- mia results. Some tumors such as lymphomas cause hypercalcemia through the presence of a 2 5-( OH )- vitamin D-1αa-hydroxylase enzyme that converts 2 5...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... variety of cytokines and growth fac- tors (including interleukin-1α [IL-α] and IL-β, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and transforming growth factor [TGF-β], as well as ANP and BNP) can stimulate CNP ... natri- uretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A) and NPR-B. A third receptor subtype, called the clearance receptor or NPR- C, shares approx 30% homology with NPR-A and NPR- B in the extr...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... Sequence Ang I Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu Ang II Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe Ang III Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe Ang IV Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe Ang 1-7 Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro Chapter ... 3 1- to 36-kDa pre- prohormone, from which seven mature peptide hor- mones (adrenocorticotropic hormone, α-MSH, β-MSH, γ-MSH, corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide, β-lipotro...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21