Basic medical endocrinology - part 4 docx

... cell s glicentin IP2GLP-1 GLP-2 3 3-6 1 Figure 2 Cell-specific posttranslational processing of preproglucagon. GRPP, Glicentin-related pancreatic peptide; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; GLP-2, glucagon-like peptide ... fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate, is formed from fructose-6-phosphate by the action of an unusual bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes either phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... Chapter 4. Adrenal Glands C=O CH 2 OH CH 2 OH HO HO - - - cortisol (active) O C=O O cortisone (inactive) HSD I HSD II HSD I O HO - - - Figure 5 The cortisol/cortisone shuttle. Two isoenzymes of 11-hyrdoxysteroid ... receptors Ca 2+ Ca 2+ TRHR TRH PIP2 TSH-α mRNA TSH-β mRNA TRHR TRHR (-) (-) preTSH secretory vesicles TSH golgi apparatus processing (+) (+) (+) nucleu...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... (active or placebo). Often particularly useful in a crossover design.[Journal of the American Medical Association, 1995, 2 74, 545 –9.] Double-masked: Synonym for double-blind. Double sampling: A ... interval for log-odds ratio −1 012 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S 14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S 24 S25 S26 S27 S28 3 Figure 38 Histogram and fitted two-component (nor...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... activity of the mem- brane-bound enzyme phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ), which catalyzes hydrolysis of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate to liberate inositol 1 ,4, 5-trisphosphate ... Introduction O CH 2 O - P=O O O CH 3 O HN N O Thymine O CH 2 O - P=O O O O O CH 2 O - P=O O O O O CH 2 O - P=O O O O O CH 2 O - P=O O O O O O N N N N NH 2 Adenine O HN...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... Hormones 47 H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab H H H H H H H H H + H H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab H H H H H H H H H + H H H H H H H H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab H-Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab H H H H H H + H Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab A 10 0 101 0 20 40 60 80 100 550330 hormone ... into α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and the corticotropin-like intermedia...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... expression of effects of 1 94 Chapter 5. The Pancreatic Islets -S-S- -S-S -S-S- COOH COOH insulin binding domain tyrosine kinase domain membane α-subunits β-subunits NH 2 NH 2 - Figure 18 Model of the ... hepatic action to increase Reinforcement 209 Insulin 191 glycogen glucose-1-P I glucose-6-Pglucose II fructose-6-P fructose-1,6-P III hexose monophosphate shunt PEP pyruvate IV acetyl...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... PTH. Parathyroid Glands and Parathyroid Hormone 273 PTH 1α-hydroxylase Gα s ATP cAMP PKA PT PT PT PT PT PT CREB 25-OHD 3 1, 25 (OH) 2 D 3 PO 4 PO 4 PO 4 PO 4 proximal tubular cell lumen nucleus AC Figure ... 263 Figure 4 Differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. c-FMS, Receptor for macrophage colony- stimulating factor; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; RANK, recepto...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... Caro, J. F., Diabetes 45 , 1511–1515, 1996, reprinted with permission from The American Diabetes Association.) baseline fasting refeeding -3 6 -2 4 -1 2 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 study ... inadequacies Growth Hormone 329 0.0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 prenatal -9 months til birth juvenile 1-1 2 years infantile birth -1 year adolescence ages 1 0-1 4...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... through the IGF-I receptor. The IGF-II receptor is structurally unrelated to the IGF-I receptor and binds IGF-II with a very much higher affinity than IGF-I . It consists of a single membrane-spanning ... Curiously, the IGF-II receptor is identical to the mannose- 6- phosphate receptor that binds mannose-6-phosphate groups on newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes and transfers them from the t...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21

... receptor. 41 6 Chapter 12. The Menstrual Cycle 0 5 10 15 0-7 - 14 7 14 FSH mlU/ml LH mlU/ml 40 30 20 10 0 estradiol pmol/L 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 progesterone pmol/ml 50 40 30 20 10 0 200 150 100 50 0 80 60 40 20 0 inhibin ... Reproduction in the Male müllerian tubular cell apoptotic program PO 4 PO 4 PO 4 PO 4 PO 4 smad p smad p smad p nucleus I II I AMH smad 4 smad 4 Figu...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:21