Statistical Methods in Medical Research - part 8 docx

... proportional-hazards model can also be fitted (Finkelstein, 1 986 ). 17 .8 Regression and proportional-hazards models 587 otherwise the life-table calculations represent quantities with no simple interpre- tation. In ... 18 0Á0556 0Á9444 89 Á5 32 1 17 0Á0 588 0Á9412 84 Á2 42 2 16 0Á1250 0 87 50 73Á7 94 1 13 0Á0769 0Á9231 68 0 207 1 10 0Á1000 0Á9000 61Á2 253 1 7 0Á1429 0 85 71 52Á5 Appl...

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... 2Á093 2Á539 2 86 1 3 88 3 20 0Á127 0Á257 0Á391 0Á533 0Á 687 0 86 0 1Á064 1Á325 1Á725 2Á 086 2Á5 28 2 84 5 3 85 0 21 0Á127 0Á257 0Á391 0Á532 0Á 686 0 85 9 1Á063 1Á323 1Á721 2Á 080 2Á5 18 2 83 1 3 81 9 22 0Á127 ... 5Á90 8 3411Á3914Á 68 16Á92 19Á02 21Á67 27 88 10 3Á25 4 87 6Á74 9Á3412Á55 15Á99 18 3120Á 48 23Á21 29Á59 11 3 82 5Á 58 7Á 58 10Á3413Á70 17Á 28 19Á 68 21Á92 24Á72 31Á26 12 4Á4...

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... 600 18. 5 Assessment of response, 604 18. 6 Protocol departures, 606 18. 7 Data monitoring, 613 18. 8 Interpretation of trial results, 623 18. 9 Special designs, 627 18. 10 Meta-analysis, 641 19 Statistical ... with coding indicated. 2.2 Tabulation and data processing 15 18 Clinical trials, 591 18. 1 Introduction, 591 18. 2 Phase I and Phase II trials, 592 18. 3 Planning a Phase...

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... and 84 th days of age of rats receiving diets with high and low protein content. High protein Low protein 134 70 146 1 18 104 101 119 85 124 107 161 132 107 94 83 113 129 97 123 Total 1440 707 1 08 ... that in many statistical investigations there is no formal process of sampling from a well-defined population. For instance, the prevalence of a certain disease may be calculated for...

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... coefficient r  88 69Á75 10 262Á0017 1 68 47 p À 88 69Á75 13 273Á39 À0Á6 68, and, from (7.19), t À0Á6 68 30 0Á554  r À4Á92, as before. The sampling error of a correlation coefficient was introduced ... regression line is, from (7.5), 17 1 68 47 À  88 69Á75 2 10 262Á00  17 1 68 47 À 7666Á39  9502Á 08: The residual mean square is, from (7.6), s 2 0  9502Á 08= 32 À2  316...

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... Total 69 89 Á911Á3 10Á19Á510Á7 9 81 0Á010Á7 T 11 29Á729Á432Á7 R 1 91 8 S 11 294Á09 288 Á26 356Á67 79Á29Á110Á3 8 69Á110Á7 9Á29Á410Á2 27Á027Á631Á2 R 2 85 8 243Á24 253Á 98 324Á62 88 Á 48 69 8 7Á 98 010Á1 8 08 010Á1 24Á324Á630Á0 ... 1Á46 0 88 1Á45 0Á95 12Á57 6Á57 19Á14 1Á70 0 83 1Á 58 0Á73 1 89 0Á96 1 80 0 86 21Á42 0Á50 1 85 0Á72 2Á14 1Á00 1Á94 0Á63 15Á25 6Á 08 21Á33 1Á96 0Á74 1Á69 0Á6...

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... À22Á3 1 81 52 10 28 6 À 18 6 1Á 78 72 18 13Á64Á4 1Á54 67 4 11Á5 À7Á5 2Á06 69 10 22Á4 À12Á4 1Á74 71 13 13Á4 À0Á4 2Á56 88 21 20Á60Á4 2Á29 68 12 28 5 À16Á5 1 80 59 9 23Á4 À14Á4 2Á32 73 65 25Á739Á3 2Á04 68 ... (continued) 2Á70 73 39 34Á74Á3 1Á90 56 28 27Á90Á1 2Á 78 83 12 29Á4 À17Á4 2Á27 67 60 28 83 1Á2 1Á74 84 10 4Á15Á9 2Á62 68 60 36Á323Á7 1 80 64 22 19 82 Á2 1 81 60 21 22Á9 À1Á9 1Á 58...

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... methods can be found in Goldstein (1995, Chapter 4). 12.6 Longitudinal data In many medical studies there is interest not only in observing a variable at a given instant but in seeing how it changes ... of using a model for non-random drop- out can be very striking, as is illustrated in the case-study presented in §9.4 of Diggle (19 98) . This shows observed means from a clini...

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... 1 12 5 8 11 9 33 45 Total 51 48 47 49 195 46 52 50 48 196 391 Proportion killed 0Á9 385 0 83 16 0 88 49 15.5 Other components of x 2 513 The log-linear model states that the logarithm of incidence ... two-factor inter- actions to be significant and it is prudent to try including each of the six two-factor interactions in turn to the model. As an example, when the interaction of the two...

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... 534 81 3 87 1Á353 0Á0720 13Á9 18 81 1092 34Á047 8 80 2 433Á76 22Á17 8 499 19 462 56 3Á 18 1Á157 0Á0747 13Á415Á50 1036 26Á973 8 473 480 Á50 17Á41 9 451 39 1729 636 4Á25 1Á447 0Á0300 33Á3 48 19 285 5 ... 22Á4 38 75 87 4 61Á753 10Á947 361Á19 33Á 18 5 1350 7 1296 61 9Á 08 2Á206 0Á16 08 6Á213Á 68 2714 30Á343 3Á343 1323Á00 16Á 58 6 60 3 106 27 5Á09 1Á627 0Á3965 2Á54Á07 196 8 265 1Á622...

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