Gastroenterology an illustrated colour text - part 6 pps

... bowel • Antibiotics • Promotility agents - metoelopramide • Proton pump inhibitors - omeprazole, lansoprazole • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs • Colchicine • Biguanides - metformin • ... inflammation and granulation tissue (Fig. 4). Peutz-Jeghers polyps Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant and is charac- terised by mucos...

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... positive anti-smooth-muscle antibody present in 60 %, and antinuclear antibody and LKM-1 antibody may be present. • Long-term immunosuppression is required with corticosteroids and often ... infectious mononucleosis, autoantibodies for anti- smooth muscle antibodies and anti-mito- chondrial antibodies. Liver ultrasound may demonstrate fatty liver, gallstones and an ob...

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... spider naevi and (in men) the pres- ence of gynaecomastia. ABDOMEN Inspect for distension and previous surgical scars, and note dis- tended veins - if emanating and filling ... diarrhoea 56 Miscellaneous colitides and other causes of diarrhoea 58 Endocrine, post-surgical and lifestyle causes of diarrhoea 60 The clinical approach 62 Related conditions...

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... confirming significant pancre- atic exocrine dysfunction. NBT-PABA test (N-benzoyk-tyrosyl-para- amino benzoic acid) NBT-PABA is cleaved by pancreatic chy- motrypsin and PABA measured ... that pancre- atic enzymes and bicarbonate can be aspi- rated and assayed. Pancreatic secretion is stimulated by cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin. This is probably the most accu- rate...

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... Gl/liver disease. Sensitivity (%) 8 8-9 9 9 0-9 7 8 9-9 8 9 3-9 9 7 7-9 2 Specificity (%) 8 6- 9 5 9 0-1 00 9 3-9 8 9 5-9 9 100 Relative cost £ ££ ££££* £££££* £££££* Dyspepsia • Non-ulcer dyspepsia is a diagnostic ... gastric cancer by three- to four-fold, which is increased to an almost six-fold increased risk if Cag A antibodies (highly antigenic protei...

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... peppermint-based products (particu- larly for constipation-dominant IBS) may help pain and bloating and are widely used as they do not have anticholinergic side-effects. Antidepressants ... dicyclomine and hyoscine may help pain and diar- rhoea but can have side-effects with uri- nary retention and effects on intraocular pressures. Antispasmodics such as mebeverine...

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... perforation. If neces- sary, an 'instant' enema (with an unpre- pared bowel) can help determine disease extent (Fig. 3). More elegantly, and with- out risk, white cell scanning outlines ... release Sulphasalazine Asacol (e-c mesalazine) Salofalk (e-c mesalazine) Pentasa (m-r mesalazine) Dipenlum (olsalazine) Colazide (balsalazide) 5-ASA linked to sulphapyridine...

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... abdominal and perineal incisions and a permanent sig- moid colostomy is fashioned. Rectal lesions can also be dealt with via the rec- tum using transanal microsurgical tech- niques, ... liver dis- ease. Aspects of the recent, middle and distant past can all be relevant in these patients and probing and reminding patients of things that they may have for- gotten...

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... copper (mg/g) 0-2 00 3-1 0 >250 20 0-3 50 1 1-2 4 <0 .6 2 0-5 0 Catches: Serum caeruloplasmin can be low in fulminant hepatic failure, and various other low protein states, and normal or high ... usually show an ele- vated alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GOT), and spe- cific markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in...

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... 29 acute upper 6 6- 6 7 assessment 66 causes 67 examination 66 history taking 2, 66 incidence 66 investigations 6 6- 6 7 iron deficiency anaemia and 68 scoring system 66 chronic 7 0-7 5 diverticular ... 33 anti-diarrhoeals 48 anti-endomysial antibodies (AEA) 44, 68 antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) 92 antinuclear antibodies (ANA) 104 antispasmodics 33...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20