A Practical Guide for Health Researchers - part 2 doc

... not applied and made available. The need may be for action and not for research. Research should not be an excuse for delaying action. 42 A practical guide for health researchers Heath DA. (Quoting ... models for participation in international health research, including participation in multi-centre clinical trials, the network approach, and the twinning approach....

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... trial version www.adultpdf.com 26 A practical guide for health researchers 3 .2 Selection of a field for research 3 .2. 1 Categories of health research Health research has been broadly defined as ... of a characteristic. An analytical study is an observational study that describes associations and analyses them for possible cause and effect. An observational study m...

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... presentations to small groups. Overhead transparencies, as visual aids, have advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of overhead transparencies are that: • they may not need to have the ... syndromic tags for patients; male/female are more appropriate for animals; men and women are better for human subjects. • Slang and jargon (words that have an arbitrary meaning). Do not conf...

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... help provide health professionals access to information necessary for research, health care, and education. It makes available to researchers a vast database that is updated and changed frequently. ... are also available. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 20 0 A practical guide for health researchers • health- care services that are essential to the safe conduc...

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... circulation. For example, the journal Nature has a circulation of about 30 000 and an estimated impact factor of 25 ; the Journal of the American Medical Association has a circulation of about ... Springer-Verlag, 1985: 110–135. Thompson WA et al. Scientific presentations. What to do and what not to do. Investigative Radiology, 1987, 22 : 22 4–45. 174 A practical guide for...

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... considerations are This is trial version www.adultpdf.com WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Fathalla, Mahmoud F. A practical guide for health researchers / by Mahmoud F. Fathalla and Mohamed ... information 19 Chapter 2. Ethics in health research 20 2. 1 Introduction 20 2. 2 General ethical principles 21 2. 3 Responsibility for ethics in health research 22...

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... data. Some information may be available This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 62 A practical guide for health researchers 4. 12. 4 Ethics in research designs involving experimentation on animals The ... This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 50 A practical guide for health researchers operational definition. The operational definition is a statement of how the...

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... trial and for verification of data. There are two components to monitoring: data management (record keeping and data handling) and data quality (quality assurance and quality control). Record-keeping ... clarity and style of the written proposal. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 86 A practical guide for health researchers the investigator for every patient participati...

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... statistical test to be used. For the purposes of data description, and statistical analysis, data are looked at as variables. Data are classified as either numerical or categorical. Data are ... is trial version www.adultpdf.com 100 A practical guide for health researchers Distribution of the data The distribution of the data is important for the statisticians. Data fall in...

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... non-standard abbreviations that are used, and for identification of statistical measures of variations, such as standard deviation and standard error of the mean. Tables should have a logical structure. ... usually need substantial reworking before full publication. This is trial version www.adultpdf.com 122 A practical guide for health researchers 10 .2. 3 The age of pape...

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