One Language, Two Grammars? - part 3 pot
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 3 pot
... 0. 83
bare 47
11% 33 % 0.06 0.04
dire 58 54
84% 96% 0.12 0.11
dour 25 8
71% 89% 0.06 0.02
fond 23 21
13% 25% 0 .30 0.17
free 180 98 13% 12% 2.27 1.61
full 41 33
2% 5% 3. 23 1.25
keen 145 15
13% 14% ... 71 1 13 34% 42% 0 .35 0. 53
pure 19 25
5% 15% 0.60 0 .33
rare 71 59
6% 15% 1.90 0.77
sheer 135 0% 50% 0.00 0.01
sore 5929% 47% 0. 03 0.04
sour 19 16
37 % 94% 0.09 0. 03
sure 108...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 2 pot
... 1974 hand-finished adj. 1975
hand-hoe v. 1 733 hand-hoer n. 1744–50
hand-hold v. 19 63 hand-held adj. 19 23
hand-jive v. 1958 hand-jive n. 1958
hand-kill v. c. 1575 –––
hand-pick v. 1 831 hand-picking ... 2
barhop v. – – – –
bed-hop v. 1979 bed-hopping adj. 19 43
channel-hop v. – – – –
island-hop v. 1955 island-hopping n. 1944
job-hop v. 1970 job-hopping n. 19 53
table-hop v. 1958 table-h...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 10 potx
... 35 5, 35 6
reversed polarity 31 0, 31 4, 31 9–21, 35 2 3,
35 3–4
post-colonial lag 126, 128–9
post-colonial revival 4, 8, 10–11, 22, 24, 27,
30 , 31 , 81, 137 , 147, 277, 288– 93,
30 4–5, 410
postnominal use ... common in AmE 31 1–12,
31 8, 32 0, 32 3
what in early 20th-century British upper
class speech 31 2
yeah characteristic of London/Estuary
English 31 3–14, 32 3
yes and...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 4 pptx
... ETC/B 6 13 1 931 .6%
5 t90–04,g90–04,d91–00,m 93 00,
i 93 94,i02–04
76 170 240 31 .7%
AmE 1 EAF1571241.7%
2 EAF2, MNC/A, LNC/A 49 224 2 73 17.9%
3 ETC/A 661 679.0%
4 L92–99,D92–95,W90–92,N01 83 1 037 1120 ... from þ verbal -ing form in historical and present-day British and American
databases
I
reflexive
II non-
reflexive
III
total
IV %
reflexive
BrE 1 EEPF 13 4 17 76.5%
2 ECF 25 5 30...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 5 ppsx
... (62/114) 73. 9%(72.6%/74.6%)
2 predicative uses 26 (11/15) 9 (4/5) 35 (15/20) 74 .3% ( 73. 3%/75%)
3 postnominal uses 104 (34 /70) 37 ( 13/ 24) 141 (47/94) 73. 8%(72 .3% /74.5%)
AmE 1 all
examples 43 (6
/37 ) ... 222 ( 23/ 199) 2 53 (36 /217) 12 .3%
(36 .1%/8 .3% )
a
The figures in brackets distinguish between to organize (organise) and all remaining uses.
176 One Language, Two...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 6 ppt
... Other
Total
Number
Verb BrE 140 135 23 258 785 134 1
AmE 4 23 35 17 2 43 577 1295
Noun BrE 22 33 2 38 116 211
AmE 108 2 7 23 78 218
Adjective BrE 5 25 0 13 105 148
AmE 16 3 5 26 70 120
262 One Language, Two Grammars?
distant ... two, i.e. t he same form is increas-
ingly used for both the preterite and the past participle. These are verbs
with an -i- stem which used t o have...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 7 docx
... plead
30 . rule 30 . prefer
31 . ruling 31 . propose
32 . stipulation 32 . provide
33 . suggestion 33 . recommend
34 . supplication 34 . refuse point-blank
35 . terms 35 . request
36 . treaty 36 . require
37 . ... Second, two extensive drama
corpora have been searched for the conjunction. If we assume that the
40%
33 %
13%
23%
13%
10%
15%
15%
23%
28%
13%
10%
15%
10...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 8 ppsx
... BNC-S and The Times 1999
BNC-S, >10 million words The Times, 36 .8 million words
N%pmw N%pmw
as 1 63 54% 16 .3 219 34 % 6
that 91 30 % 9.1 220 34 % 6
zero 32 11% 3. 1 1 43 22% 3. 8
who 83% 0.8 20 3% ... 8 5% 149 157
Present tense 42 15% 235 277 217 217
Past tense 31 5% 17 20 21 21
Total 284 24% 8 93 1177 44 5% 7 73 817
34 6 One Language, Two Grammars?
19 New departur...
One Language, Two Grammars? - part 9 doc
... come in four
matching British and American corpora
2 /33
=
6.1%
1 /30 0
=
0 .3%
3/ 435
= 0.7%
27/517
=
5.2%
34 /70
=
48.6%
0 /31 1
=
0.0%
0%
10%
20%
30 %
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
personal
pronoun
subjects
other
subject
expressions
personal
pronoun
subjects
other
subject
expressions
without ... trouble:t00–01,d91 –00,m 93 –00,L92,D92 –95,W90–92,N01;
shape:d91–00,m 93 00,W90–92,D...