Electroactive Polymers for Robotic Applications - Kim & Tadokoro (Eds ) Part 14 pot

... International Applications of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites 257 -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 Velocity [m/s] -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 -0 .2 0 0.2 T=0 T=60 T=180 T=120 k = -9 .669 k ... for large deflections. The clumped RC model relates the input voltage applied to the IPMC strip to the charge. It has been 272 W. Yim, K. J. Kim...

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... Control Number: 2006938344 ISBN 97 8-1 -8 462 8-3 7 1-0 e-ISBN 97 8-1 -8 462 8-3 7 2-7 Printed on acid-free paper © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research ... produced. Active Polymers: An Overview 11 Poly(p-N,N-dimethylamine)-N-gamma-D-glutamanilide) produces a dilation of 35% in each dimension, when exposed to light [...

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... bottom) -8 0 -4 0 0 40 80 0 -8 0 -4 0 0 40 80 -8 0 -4 0 0 40 80 -8 0 -4 0 0 40 80 0 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 0 0 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 0 0 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 -4 0 -8 0 -1 20 -1 60 -8 0 ... snake-like motion (from left to right and top to bottom) -8...

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... (m) (a) (b) -0 .2 -0 .1 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0 .045 -0 .04 -0 .035 -0 .03 -0 .025 -0 .1 -0 .05 0 0.05 0.1 dz/dt dz/dt -1 0 -5 .0 0 5.0 10 15 Forward Backward F x (10 -3 N ) -5 .0 -4 .0 -3 .0 -2 .0 -1 .0 0 1.0 ... (m) -0 .105 -0 .1 -0 .095 -0 .09 -0 .085 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 (m) x (m) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 x (...

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... trained by exercise for a particular purpose, as in Figure 8.22 (b). (a) (b) Figure 8.22. Image of adaptation by doping (a) Process of ion-exchange (b) Adaptation of partial elements by doping ... ion-induced lateral strain for molluskan robotics,'' Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pp. 201 0- 2017, 2002. K. Mallavarapu, K. Newbury and D. J. Leo, &ap...

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... could perform -2 -1 0 1 2 5 Hz 4 Hz 3 Hz 2 Hz 232.5 3.5 Amplitude of very-low frequency vibration [V] (82. 2) (97. 7) ( 114. 9) (129. 0) ( *) : Average force for 5 Hz [gf] Figure 9.12. Pressure force ... important features of the actuators are ( 1) soft material, ( 2) force output, ( 3) ease of miniaturization and machining, and ( 4) multi-DOF motion abili...

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... (198 4) first reported the volume phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) gel [69]. Poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) is one of the most widely used thermo- responsive polymers. ... [2] Y. Bar-Cohen (200 1) Electroactive Polymer (EAP) Actuators as Artificial Muscles (Reality, Potential, and Challenges). SPIE Press, Bellingham, Washington, USA. [3] M. Zrínyi (200...

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... conserved, (1 )( 1 )( 1 ) 1 zxy sss and x y s s , the in-plane strain ( x s or y s ) can be derived from Eqs. (2. 2) and (2. 3). For example, when the strain is small (e.g., less than 20 %), which ... the Mooeny-Rivlin equation [14] Elastomer C 1 C 2 (C 1 + C 2 ) C 2 /C 1 + C 2 Natural 2.0(0.9–3. 8) 1.5(0.9– 2) 3.5 0.4(0.25–0. 6) Butyl rubber 2...

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... driving paradigm State Electrode (ABC) Stiff state - - - or + + + More compliant + + - or - - + Action toward A + - - or - + + Action toward B - - + or + + - Output terminal Dielectric elastomers High ... V L < V max 0 < V R < V max and V L = f ( x, k, F ) V R = f ( x, k, F ) Yes No V L = 0 or V max or V R = 0 or V max V L = f ( k...

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... d d r ria GGG  (3.3 4) Robotic Applications of Artificial Muscle Actuators 75 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 -0 .04 -0 .035 -0 .03 -0 .025 -0 .02 -0 .015 -0 .01 -0 .005 0 Voltage (V) S t r a i n Figure ... 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10 2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Frequency (Hz) D i s p l a c e m e n t ( m m ) 2000V 2500V (a) displacement 10 -1 10 0 10 1...

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