Bishop, Robert H - The Mechatronics Handbook [CRC Press 2002] Part 13 pot

... interest. The resulting curve is a function of the frequency ω . Such log-magnitude versus phase plots are called Nichols charts. Advantages of the Nichols chart are that the relative stability of the ... chart are that the relative stability of the closed-loop system can be deter- mined quickly and that the process of closed-loop compensation can be carried out easily. The...

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... frequency. Most high stability units use either the third or fifth overtone to achieve a high Q. Overtones higher than fifth are rarely used because they make it harder to tune the device to the desired ... During this time, the performance of the oscillator continuously changes until it reaches its normal operating temperature. The temperature within the oven then remains constan...

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... understand the dynamic behavior of the system. Examining the dynamic behavior can be done by using a mathematical model that describes the relevant dynamic behavior of the system in which we are ... signal at the same frequency as the input. However, the magnitude and phase of the output signal differ from those of the input signal, and the amount of difference is a func...

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... I wish to express my heartfelt thanks to all the contributing authors. Taking time in otherwise busy and hectic schedules to author the excellent articles appearing in the Mechatronics Handbook ... Mechatronics Handbook is much appre- ciated. I also wish to thank my Advisory Board for their help in the early stages of planning the topics in the handbook. This handb...

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... with an electron is rather small. This, of course, has to do with the size of the unit we use to measure charge, the coulomb (C), named after Charles Coulomb. However, the definition of the ... types of basic devices that can be represented this way, based on the relationship between the power variables on the two ports. For either type, a relationship between two of the...

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... The number of equations one obtains by this technique is equal to the number of meshes in the circuit. All branch currents and voltages may subsequently be obtained from the mesh currents, ... sources, on the one hand, and parallel and series circuits, on the other. This duality appears again very clearly in the analysis of equivalent circuits: it will shortly be shown that equi...

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... switching at high frequency; if the ground point of the high energy side of the circuit is directly connected to the ground of the low energy side of the circuit, switching noise may propagate through ... from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. The supply is through the brushes, which make contact with the commutator segments. From Faraday’s laws of electrom...

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... parabolic. These general characteristics are illustrated in Fig. 20.62, along with the derived torque–speed charac- teristic in Fig. 20.63. The general characteristics indicate that if the load ... falls to a particularly low value FIGURE 20.59 The shunt-wound motor load characteristics. FIGURE 20.60 The shunt-wound torque–speed characteristics. FIGURE 20.61 The series-...

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