Bacterial α2-macroglobulins: colonization factors acquired by horizontal gene transfer from the metazoan genome? pdf

... waste. Horizontal transfer into the ε-proteobacterium H. hepaticus is clear-cut, as it is isolated on the trees from all other proteobacteria, whereas other Helicobacter lack these genes. Another transfer ... eukaryotic hosts share related genes that appear to be transferred from one to the other, it is believed that the direction is overwhelmingly from the eukaryote to...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... CoA remaining in the later stages of the reaction so that the citrate present could not generate non-MCD derived acetyl- CoA. The unreacted [ 14 C]oxaloacetate was converted back to aspartate by the addition ... activated by phosphorylation by AMPK [16,17]. The inconsistencies in the literature regarding AMPK’s role on MCD regulation may be partly due to the fact that t...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... b13-IRES-a6) with the a-ortheb-chain gene in the 5’ position and the other gene in the 3’ position. The full-length TCRa- and b-chain genes were ligated via EcoR I and Mlu I restriction sites in the 5’ ... of the TCR b-chain gene in the 3’ position of the IRES linker relative to the insertion in the 5’ position, although there was no statistical significance betwee...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:21

... different levels. By binding transcription fac- tors they inhibit gene expression on the basic linear DNA level and by binding chromatin modifiers they influence gene expression at the epigenetic level. Our ... are preferentially found at the nuclear periphery where they are linked to the NPC component Nup1 by SAGA interacting factors [47]. These studies support the notion...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

... cloned from other euteleostean fishes, and their genes were found to be expressed in the liver [15,16]. An exception, however, was the homologue of the zpx gene cloned from the euteleostean fish gilthead seabream, ... FEBS Expression of ezp genes analyzed by northern blotting and RT-PCR For northern blotting, digoxigenin (DIG)-labelled DNA probes were synthesized from the cD...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... of circulating non-structural gene elements that maintain themselves in the host population by recombination with structural protein genes from other members of their genus [35,36]. Our contemporary ... were generated directly from the VIDISCA product. The full P1 sequence was determined using upstream primers in the 5'-noncoding region and a downstream primer in the VI...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... susceptible strains according to the body sites from which the yeasts were isolated in the same hospital. Each hospital contributed from 7 to 21 patients into the study. Clinical data were recorded ... susceptible isolates (with MICs % 8 mg/l) from the same nine hospitals. Of the 88 isolates, there were three Candida species and their distribution in relation to the suscep...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:21

... promoter activity, suggesting that the transcription of the a3 integrin gene in these cells is regulated by the Ets-family of transcription factors. Keywords: integrin; gene promoter; luciferase assay; Ets-transcription ... products in the absence of the cDNA library. Fig. 6. Transcription start sites in the integrin a subunit genes. The sequences flanking the transcrip...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... other levels of other CV factors in the general adolescent population. The researchers hypothesized that when adolescents have one risk factor, the level of the other CV risk factors worsens ... modification of risk factors may further reduce their incidence (Kelishadi et al., 2002). Thus, several studies demonstrate the importance of investigating the presence of risk...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 23:20