... Blockade of TLR3 signaling was achievedusing TLR3 neutralizing antibody, small interference RNA, and 2-aminopurine (2-AP), an inhibitor of protein kinase R(PKR), an interferon- induced, double-stranded ... cultured with DMEMcontaining 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum(FBS;Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA),L-glutamine,non-essential amino acids (Invitrogen; 10 mM) and antibio-tic-antimycotic (Invitrogen) ... poly (I: C)-induced caspase-3 activation. Arrows indicated themolecular weight of active caspase-3 at 17 and 19 kDa, respectively. Quantification results of caspase-3 activation in different treatment...