... perpet-uation in future stands. Notable treatmentsincluded weedings and cleanings, and in- termediate thinnings. Stands were regen-erated by conventional clearcutting, seed-tree and ... JF Deboe,eds) Minn Ext Serv Publi NR-BU 5663-S,117-124Gingrich SF (1967) Measuring and evaluatingstocking and stand density in upland hard-wood forest in the central ... understocked, un-healthy, and in a run-down condition as aresult of indiscriminate cutting, grazing,fire, disease, and insects (Schnur, 1937).Understandably, early silvicultural...