... & Ringe, D. (1994) Role of the divalent metal ion in sugar binding, ring opening, and isomerization byD-xylose isomerase: replacement of a catalyticmetal by an amino acid. Biochemistry 33, ... unchargedpolar amino acids (i.e. Q, N, S, and T) and an increase in charged amino-acid residues (i.e. K, E, and R) in hyperthermophilic proteins. As S and T can catalyze thedeamination and backbone ... contain any Mg2þat pH 6.0, and contain Mg2þonly in site M1 at pH 8.0 [42]. As allFig. 7. Thermal unfolding of apo-BLXI in the presence and absence of metals followed by DSC. See Materials and...