Báo cáo y học: "Developments in the clinical understanding of osteoarthritis" docx

... the synovium, in ligaments especially near their insertions, in bone, in muscle, and in the outer third of the meniscus in the knee. In an unusual study in which the lead investigator became the study subject ... provided new insights into how OA may be successfully managed. The symptoms of osteoarthritis: pain and instability The pain of OA is activity-rel...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... consequence of the activation of many cell populations and, ultimately, of the upregulation of proinflammatory cyto- kines [19,20]. By whichever means they themselves become activated, they induce ... 1 Composite indices are the best depicters of disease activity. The degree of disease activity at the start of a disease-modifying therapy is a major determinant of th...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... by type I IFN. A randomized placebo-controlled study of the withdrawal of hydroxychloroquine treatment in clinically stable SLE patients was published in 1991 by the Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study ... JL, Cividino A, Danoff D, Osterland CK, Yeadon C, Smith CD: A long-term study of hydroxychloroquine withdrawal on exacer- bations in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Canadi...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... or inhibitors of inflammatory cytokines. Degeneration of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis: inflammation The role played by inflammatory cytokines and mediators produced by joint tissues in ... hypertrophy and hyperplasia, with an increased number of lining cells, often accompanied by infiltration of the sublining tissue with scattered foci of lymphocytes [68]. Synovitis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... local regulation has increased over the past 10 years through the discovery of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt family of glycoproteins represents a major signaling pathway that is involved in cellular ... as an inflammatory arthritis in which joint inflammation results in bone deterioration. In RA, the pro- inflammatory cytokine TNF-α is critical in drivin...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... responses. Furthermore, immune complexes of ANAs can drive the production of proinflammatory cytokines, inducing the ‘interferon signature’, and intensifying disease. Together, these findings point to ... entirety of the immune system. Some of these may be genetically determined, whereas others arise secondarily in response to events such as infection. Not surprisingly, deline...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

... knowledge of the pivotal role played by cytokines during the effector stages of human disease; has been instrumental in clarifying the place of cytokines in the maintenance and chronicity of inflamma- tion; ... citrullination may play a role in the initiation of an immune response. The finding that Asian RA patients are more likely to have inherited an enzyme varia...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... respectively) of clinical symptoms. Andrei Calin, of Bath, UK, had started this kind of work in the early 90s with the definition of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) ... over the last 10 years both in the clinical and scientific understanding of the spondyloarthritides (SpA), which can be separated in predominantly axial and pre...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... as a pyrin domain (PYD) in other proteins that have homology with pyrin’s N-terminal sequence [12]. Members of the death domain superfamily are involved in the assembly and activation of apoptotic ... characterised by fluctuating or irregularly recurring episodes of fever and systemic inflam- mation, affecting the skin, eyes, joints, and serosal surfaces. They include the he...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... studying the role of immune cells in myositis exists. Thus, a possible way to investigate the molecular pathways in inflammatory myo- pathies is to analyse the molecular expression patterns in the target ... nonimmune-mediated dysfunction of muscle fibres is the so-called ‘endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response’. The folding, exporting, and processing of newly synt...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:21