... light-ning and wind-felling, and in the merocoenosis of snags and fragments (tree parts), in spruce stands of diff erent age and in diff erent situations with re-gard to the occurrence and population ... species and wood-destroying insect associates of spruce, not even in cases where the needle loss was documented. According to N (1962), the phloem quality in the swarming period of the par-ticular ... by wind-felling (windfalls), 100 stems (5,202 m) were trees in the form of snags and fragments in mature spruce stands, 276 stems (5,923 m) were trees in the form of snags and frag-ments in...