Engineering Materials and Processes phần 6 doc
environmental engineering dictionary and directory phần 6 docx
... latitude 66 °34′ north and 66 °34′ south to the poles. polder An area of dry, low-lying land that has been reclaimed from a body of water and is maintained through the use of dikes. In the Netherlands, ... demand has been satisfied. Also called “second-stage biochemical oxygen demand.” nitrogenous BOD See “nitrogenous oxygen demand.” nitrogenous oxygen demand (NOD) That portion of the ox...
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environmental engineering dictionary and directory phần 3 doc
... (2) Environmental health and safety. EI Emissions inventory. EIA Environmental impact assessment. EIC European International Contractors. EIL Environmental impairment liability. Eimco đ Water and ... daily cover Cover material spread and compacted on the top and side slopes of compacted solid waste at the end of each day to control fire, moisture, and erosion and to assure...
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environmental engineering dictionary and directory phần 1 docx
... liquid, or gaseous state. â 20 01 by CRC Press LLC Introduction This dictionary contains terms used in the fields of environmental engineering and environmental science, and the definitions provided ... the continued patience and support of my wife, Julie, and our children, Chad, Sarah, Mike, and Katie. This book is dedicated to my wife, Julie Lynn Pankratz, and our gra...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 1 doc
... Engineering Materials and Processes Dedicated to our ever patient, supportive and loving wives, Madeline, Katherine and Betty 1 Introduction 1. 1 Silver Metallization ... ………………………….…………… … 10 4 6.3.3 Results and Discussions ……………………………………… 10 5 6.3.4 Conclusions ………………………………………………….… 10 9 6.4 References …………………………………………………………… 11 0 7...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 2 pptx
... The ratio of the projectile energies for M 1 < M 2 is given by: 2 1 22 2 2 121 1 o21 E(MMsin)Mcos K EMM ⎡⎤ −ϑ+ϑ ⎢⎥ == ⎢⎥ + ⎢⎥ ⎣⎦ (2. 1) The energy ratio K = E 1 /E o , called the kinematic ... a mass M 2 = 108 and In has a mass M 2 = 115. The difference between K Ag = 0.8 62 and K In = 0.870 is 0.008. For 2. 8 MeV helium ions, the difference in backscattering en...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 3 docx
... content and composition of the TaN films. The 3. 0 MeV and 3. 7 MeV beam energies correspond to oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) resonances, respectively, and were used to detect O and N. The 3. 0 MeV ... corrosion occurs up to 30 0°C (Figure 3. 6). The sample surfaces retained their smoothness, and golden color, and no difference between the sample at 30 0°C (in H 2 S) an...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 4 pptx
... (c) 30% N 2 and (d) 40 % N 2 [5] Diffusion Barriers and Self-encapsulation 39 3 .4. 4 Discussion The RBS data showed that the N 2 flow ratio influences the composition, phases, and thicknesses ... Diffraction Standard (JCPDS ICDD cards #: 25-1280, 26-0985, 32-1282, 25-1278, 14- 047 1, 31-1370, & 32-1283), PDF Database, 19 94. [18] G. S. Chen, and T. S. Chen, J. Appl. Ph...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 5 pptx
... 250 °C 300°C 350 °C Pa-n/Si 8.0 6.9 5. 5 4 .5 Ag/Pa-n/Si 4.4 4.4 5. 5 5. 5 Thermal Stability 47 Figure 4.3. Electrical resistivity of Ag, Ag(Al)-I, and ... As-deposited 100°C 250 °C 300°C 350 °C R µΩ-cm 2.73 2 .55 1. 95 1.87 3.48 60 Silver Metallization about 13 nm thick for the sample annealed at 700°C...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 6 doc
... Gadre and T. L. Alford, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 18 (6) , 2814(2000). [8] L. C. Feldman and J. W. Mayer, Fundamentals of Surface and Thin Film Analysis (North-Holland), New York, 307(19 86) . [9] ... Moghadam, and T. L. Alford, Thin Solid Films 262 , 154(1995). [10] 1998 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, edited by R. A. Storer (ASTM, Philadelphia), Vol. 6. 01, 3 56( 1998). [11] G....
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 7 ppsx
... samples were tested for both test configurations (samples A, B, C, and D for bare Ag patterns, and samples A′, B′, C′, and D′ for and NH 3 - annealed Ag patterns). The average of four failure times ... Silver Electromigration Resistance 79 For all tested Ag lines, which were encapsulated by TiN(O), no partial depletion area and no significant number of voids and hillocks were...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 8 pdf
... than 15 minutes [8] Diffusion coefficient D (10 –21 m 2 /s) of Al oxide Temperature (°C) Ag(200 nm)/Al(20 nm) Ag(200 nm)/Al(30 nm) 400 0.25 0 .80 500 5. 78 1.59 600 6. 18 3.06 Figure ... factors such as Al thickness and trapping of Al in the silver on the transport kinetics and subsequent formation of the surface oxide. The curves in Figure 6.8a and b show the transpo...
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 9 ppsx
... Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 3251( 199 6). [4] Y. Wang, T. L. Alford, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 52( 199 9). [5] Y. Wang, T. L. Alford, J. W. Mayer, J. Appl. Phys. 86, 5407( 199 9). [6] D. Adams, B. A. Julies, ... S. Lau, F. Deng, T. Laursen and B. M. Ullrich, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 7773( 199 7). [ 19] B. A. Julies, D. Knoesen, R. Pretorius, D. Adams, Thin Solid Films 347, 201( 199 9). [20] M. M....
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Engineering Materials and Processes phần 10 pptx
... (e.g. grain size and texture); (2) contamination control (C, O and CI); (3) oxidation and corrosion control; (4) prevention of Ag diffusion in metals and dielectric materials; and (5) mechanical ... electromigration [17] Ho and Huntington [11], Patil and Huntington [12] reported that Ag migrates toward the anode for the temperature range 670–877°C. Klotsman et al. [13] an...
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SOIL ENGINEERING: TESTING, DESIGN, AND REMEDIATION phần 6 docx
... 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 18 20 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 55. 36 24 20 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 55. 36 30 20 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 55. 36 36 20 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 55. 36 42 20 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 55. 36 18 ... 16. 7 33.3 66 .7 133.3 266 .6 Pier Length (ft) 18 10 1.73 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 24 10 1.73 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 30 10 1.73 3. 46 6.92 13.84 27 .68 36 1...
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Financial Engineering PrinciplesA Unified Theory for Financial Product Analysis and Valuation phần 6 docx
... great. For the United States and much of 158 FINANCIAL ENGINEERING, RISK MANAGEMENT, AND MARKET ENVIRONMENT 04_2003 06_ CH04/Beaumont 8/15/03 12:49 PM Page 158 TLFeBOOK owner decides or is forced ... very practical or realistic for mortgage products. For example, a typical home mortgage is a 30-year fixed-rate product. This type of product has been around for some time, an...
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