An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 7 pot
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 7 pot
... equilibrium
constant”) is rigorously constant!
7/ 10/ 07 4- 90
Equilibrium Constants
At equilibrium, under constant temperature and pressure, the free-energy change is zero and
equation 6 becomes
For any given ... Find the molality of the ethanol and acetone if water is considered to be the solvent.
c. Find the molality of the water and acetone if the ethanol is considered to be the sol...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 2 potx
... we do want to know. Our second step, therefore, in understanding an applying
thermodynamics, is to learn how to define and calculate new variables that will simplify our
measurements and calculations.
Chemical ... reactions and phase changes are more often carried out at constant pressure than at
constant volume. At constant volume (no work done) the energy change is equal to Q, th...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 10 potx
... m,
the tortoise has moved only 10 m. When Achilles has run 10 m, the tortoise has moved 1 m.
Each time Achilles runs the distance to where the tortoise had been, the tortoise will have moved
to ... geometrically by an area. The
second method may be called an antiderivative.
Area. In section A.3 we looked at the equation for an ideal gas to find how one quantity
changes as another...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 1 pdf
... scale, by adding 273 .15 to the
7/ 10/ 07 Intro- 8
analysis of equilibrium thermodynamics. We must, however, be sensitive to the differences
between what is transferred and what is stored.
The description ... far, thermodynamics has
been shown to be correct.
Energy
The first step in understanding thermodynamics, and making it serve your purposes, is to
learn how to evaluate ch...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 3 docx
... accurately than is
now possible to be able to determine energies to the accuracy required in thermochemistry.
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It should also be possible to relate the volume of any liquid or solid to its ... after
mixing?
There is no energy advantage for the yellow grains to move to the bottom, or back to the
top, or to any other specific location. We know that, once mixe...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 4 ppsx
... can be compensated by such a transfer of thermal energy.
7/ 10/ 07 2- 40
Again consider a system constrained to constant total volume, and to have a uniform temperature.
Then, as before, we can ... g - 273 .3 - 275 .4 C H OH g -234.8 -1 67. 9
2 5
HI g 26.5 1 .7 lq - 277 .6 - 174 .8
C H lq 49.1 124.5
6 6
g 82.9 129 .7
*Values are in kJ/mol, for 25 C, 1 atm. The standard states for li...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 5 docx
... equations 36 and 37 for an adiabatic, reversible expansion of an ideal gas can be
put into the following forms:
a. TV V = constant, or T /T = (V /V ) V.
R/C R/C
1 2 2 1
b. PV = constant, or P /P ... ln
7/ 10/ 07 2- 54
3. Find ∆S when 2 mol of an ideal gas at 25 C is expanded into vacuum to 10 times its original
o
volume.
4. A vessel containing 5 mol of an ideal gas, A, is connec...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 6 docx
... give the same result.
1
7/ 10/ 07 3- 72
and integration from pure solvent (N = N = 0) to dilute solution (N and N very small) gives
2 3 2 3
5
The logarithm can be expanded by means of the approximation
ln ... important, for
example, in the storage of gasoline, which is a mixture of many
hydrocarbons. The storage tanks must be vented to the air and
consequently water vapor can condense...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 8 pdf
... decomposition of methanol, at this temperature and
o
constant volume, if the initial pressure of pure methanol is 5 atm.
7. Water and solid sulfur can react to form SO and H S according to the equation
2 ... respect to the top, and an electric potential that is positive if the cathode is measured with
respect to the anode will be negative if the reaction is reversed. (The “standard...
An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 9 ppsx
... can be totally converted to thermal energy (or
“heat”) but thermal energy cannot be totally converted to work (i.e., mechanical energy) in a
cyclic process. Thermodynamics provides an understanding ... is analogous to Kirchhoff’s law (equation 17,
Chapter 1). For a constant pressure,
(4a)
-
efficiency
11
T
T
Q
W
∆
==
%4.21
373
80 -
eff
11
==
∆
==
T
T
Q
W
%6565.0
873
570...