An Introduction to Thermodynamics phần 6 docx

... important, for example, in the storage of gasoline, which is a mixture of many hydrocarbons. The storage tanks must be vented to the air and consequently water vapor can condense in the tanks. ... constituents, on the temperature, and on the pressure. Therefore the change in free energy arising from changes in any of these quantities can be written as the sum It is to be understood that e...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... within thermodynamics of measuring an absolute energy, or an absolute 16 enthalpy. Only energy, and enthalpy, changes can be determined. However, knowing that these energy and enthalpy changes ... after mixing? There is no energy advantage for the yellow grains to move to the bottom, or back to the top, or to any other specific location. We know that, once mixed, there is clos...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... ) and of ethane (C H ) at 25 C and 2 4 2 6 o 1 atm are 68 .4 and -32.0 kJ/mol. The standard enthalpies of formation are 52.4 and -84.0 kJ/mol. For the reduction of ethylene with H to give ethane, 2 ... equations 36 and 37 for an adiabatic, reversible expansion of an ideal gas can be put into the following forms: a. TV V = constant, or T /T = (V /V ) V. R/C R/C 1 2 2 1 b. PV = con...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... 1.0 2 H O,25g 82.2 66 .2 -7.8 0.125 1.0 2 Al, 50g 86. 35 66 .35 -3 .65 0.0050 0.22 Al, 25g 88.12 68 .12 -1.88 0.02 76 0.22 * Temperatures in C. ∆T is the temperature change of the sample and o s ∆T is the ... far, thermodynamics has been shown to be correct. Energy The first step in understanding thermodynamics, and making it serve your purposes, is to learn how to evaluate chang...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... P dV is a change (in P and V, because P changes with V), so P dV is an inexact differential. W is an amount, not a change in work or any other property, so it is at best misleading to describe ... terminology can be an aid to understanding. Careless terminology is a hindrance to understanding. EQUATION OF STATE. Knowledge of two properties, or state functions, is generally suffici...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... NH g -45.9 - 16. 4 3 C graphite 0 0 aq - 362 .5 -2 36. 5 CF g -933 .6( 639.9) 66 .2 NH Cl c -314.4 -202.9 4 4 CCl lq -139.3 -68 .6 N O g 81 .6 103.2 4 2 CO g -110.5 -137.2 NO g 91.3 87 .6 CO g -393.5 ... -100.4 - 96. 9 H O g -241.8 -228 .6 2 AgCl c -127.0 -109.8 lq -285.8 -237.1 AgI c -61 .8 -66 .2 H O g -187.8 -120.4 2 2 Ag O c -31.1 -11.2 lq -1 36. 3 -105 .6 2 Al O c - 167 5.7...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... equilibrium constant”) is rigorously constant! 7/10/07 4- 90 Equilibrium Constants At equilibrium, under constant temperature and pressure, the free-energy change is zero and equation 6 becomes For any given ... Find the molality of the ethanol and acetone if water is considered to be the solvent. c. Find the molality of the water and acetone if the ethanol is considered to be the solve...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... + e 6 Cu 0.153 + ++ + K + e 6 K -2.931 SO + 4 H + 2e 6 + = + 4 Na + e 6 Na -2.71 H SO + H O 0.172 + 2 3 2 Mg + 2e 6 Mg -2.372 AgCl + e 6 Ag + Cl 0.22233 ++ - Al + 3e 6 Al -1 .66 2 Cu + 2e 6 Cu ... - 6 H C O (aq) -0.49 O + 2 H + 2e 6 H O 0 .69 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 + Fe + 2e 6 Fe -0.447 Fe + e 6 Fe 0.771 ++ +++ ++ Cr + 2e 6 Cr -0.407 Hg + 2e 6 2 Hg 0.7973 +++ ++ ++ 2 Cd +...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... 2 06. 6 SO g 248.2 2 H O g 188.83 CBr g 358.1 2 4 H O g 232.7 CCl g 309.4 2 2 4 H S g 205.8 lq 214.4 2 I c 1 16. 1 CF g 261 .6 2 4 g 260 .6 CH g 1 86. 3 4 K c 64 .7 C H g 200.9 2 2 KCl c 82 .6 C ... of statistical mechanics, it is possible to predict which substances are likely to be “apparent exceptions” to the third law and to calculate the exact amount of the discrepancy...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21

... tortoise has moved 1 m. Each time Achilles runs the distance to where the tortoise had been, the tortoise will have moved to a new location, ahead of Achilles. Will Achilles ever catch the tortoise? What ... geometrically by an area. The second method may be called an antiderivative. Area. In section A.3 we looked at the equation for an ideal gas to find how one quantity changes...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 15:21