NEUROVASCULAR MEDICINE - Pursuing Cellular Longevity for Healthy Aging Part 10 pptx

... signaling pathways in, 551 Amadorins, 527, 529t γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA), 104 , 156, 270 Aminoguanidine, 526, 530 α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl- 4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors, 155, 158, ... (DSA), 512 Dihydroergotamine, 122, 131, 132, 133f 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), 273 3-( 4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl )-2 ,5-diphenyl - 2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 273 Dipeptidyl...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:21

... PS DAG Choline GTP IP 3 RhoA Ca 2+ CaM MLCK active inactive MLCK MLC-P MLC MLC Phosphatase Rho-kinase CPI-17 CPI-17-P MYOSINACTIN CONTRACTION MAPK GDP PKC PKC SR MEK CaP-P Actin-CaP Actin-CaD CaD-P Actin Raf lipase ADP ATP P i Figure 2.1 Cellular mechanisms ... from crip- pling degenerative disorders. With this objective, Neurovascular Medicine: Pursuing Cellular Longevity for H...

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... brain levels of Evans blue (2. 8- and 5-fold increase vs. control), as well as a strong immunoreactivity for albumin and GFAP (3 6- and 83-fold increases and 5- to 12-fold increases vs. control, ... with the macromo- lecular structure. Concentration gradients are there- fore present in most neurons (Bereiter-Hahn, Voth 1994). Restricted molecular mobility forms micro- compartm...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... (γ-interferon, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, TNF, etc.). On the contrary, enhanced corti- sol level inhibits the thymus gland and increases the plasma values of TH-2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL -1 0, β-interferon, ... with TH-2 immunolog- ical pro le, which is caused by low CD4/CD8 ratio, low NK-cell cytotoxicity against K-562 target cells, and low plasma levels of TH-1 cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, IL-1...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... insulin and of IGF-1, whose effective activity is increased in the context of IR to boost activity of the transcription factor hypoxia-in- ducible factor- 1- (HIF- 1- ), may be at least partially responsible ... not signi cantly differ- ent compared to BMI-matched controls. Age, LDL-C, and IL-6 were positively correlated, and IGF-1 was neg- atively correlated to arterial intima-media...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... glutamate receptor agonists at 100 µM for 12 consecutive days, followed by deter- mination of mitochondrial activity with 3-( 4, 5- dimethyl-2-thiazolyl )-2 ,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) ... exposed to 100 µM NMDA for 5 minutes every 2 days, followed by exposure to MK-801 at 10 µM for 10 minutes and sub- sequent addition of the calcium ionophore A23187 at 10...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... molecules Selectins, integrins Up-regulated All reviewed in Wang et al. 2007 Cytokines IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL -1 0, TGF-β Chemokines IL-8, IP -1 0, MCP-1, MIP-1α Transcriptional regulators NF-κB, AP-1; MAPK Immediate ... provide co-stimulatory sig- nals for T-cell activation and that are represented VCAM-1 VLA-4 B7 CD40 MHC-II CD3 TCR CD4 LFA-1ICAM-1 LFA-3 Ag CD40L CD28 CD2 VCAM-1 VLA-4 B7...

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... cells 5 0 7 14 0 7 14 0 7 14 0 7 PI PII PI PII Aβ Aβ CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 14 0 7 14 0 7 14 0 7 14 0 7 CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 CPM 10 3 14 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 30 Fraction No CHO cells CHO CM COS-7 cells COS-7 CM HFF cells HFF CM K-562 cells K-562 CM U-373 cells U-373 CM SK-N-BE cells SK-N-BE CM SH-SY5Y ... activity IL-6 TGF-β IL -1 0 Phospholipid release...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... interleukins, IL-1, IL-6, and IL -1 0, transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), and TNF-α. Among those cytokines, IL-1 and TNF-α appear to exacerbate cerebral injury; how- ever, IL-6, IL -1 0, and TGF-α may ... IL-8, IP -1 0, CINC CC group MIP-1, 5, MCP-1, 2, 3, RANTES, SLC CINC, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; IL, interleu- kin; IP, interferon-inducible protein; MCP, monocyte ch...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:20

... Srx, sulfi redoxin; Trx, thioredoxin. Exo- and endogenous sources NOS ONOO - GSH P-SH GSNO GSH GSH P-SH P-SNO P-SSG P-SH Trx, Grx, GSH, Srx Cys-oxidation (P-SO n H) Nitrosative stress NO SOD CAT GSH H 2 O 2 HO• GSSG GPx GR NADP + Fe 3+ Fe 2+ NADPH Glucose O 2 + ... the GSH-to-GSSG ratio is often used as an indicator of cellular oxidative stress. GSH/GSSG and Cellular Redox Balance G...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 13:21