... Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 44th Annual Meeting of the ACL, pages 537–544,Sydney, July 2006.c2006 Association for Computational LinguisticsA Study ... evaluation, key-words assigned to the test documents by profes-sional indexers are used as a gold standard, thatis, the manual keywords are treated as the one and only truth. The evaluation measures ... indexer). The third measure used for the evaluations is the F-measure (the harmonic mean of precision and recall). Table 1 shows the result on that particu-lar test set. This result may be considered...