... trends in the phenolog-ical structure of the stands, which changed with thinning and insectoutbreaks.We also inferred the morphological structure of the canopy fromLB1 and LB2 using another ... [26,31,32,35]. Increases and de-creases in gross growth were consistent with changes in leaf biomasscorresponding to thinning, insect herbivory, and stand recovery fol-lowing disturbance. The regression ... the elongation of long shoots [7, 22, 39]. Once the stand canopy hasclosed, however, horizontal elongation of long shoots becomes lessimportant, and the maintenance of foliage by short shoots becomesincreasingly...