Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Extended length rotation to integrate timber and pine nut production with the conservation of structural diversity in a Pinus pinea (L ) forest" pdf

... rotation to integrate timber and pine nut production with the conservation of structural diversity in a Pinus pinea (L. ) forest Fernando M a * ,MaríaJ.H  ´  b , Rafael C a ,IsabelC ˜  a a CIFOR-INIA, ... distance from each other is within the distance lag cen- tred at d ,andz(u a )andz(u a +d) are the values th...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... analysis (CLU) and principal component analysis (PCA) (J 199 8). Alternatively to CLU multi- variate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was applied. CLU and MANOVA were used to evaluate the ... silvicultural activities and left to natural develop- Table 1. Some basic mensurational data of the RPs (according to P 200 6) Spruce stand Mean stem Standing volume...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

... 265–270 extent of damage to plantations becomes apparent, being unable to defend against this harmful factor. One of the reasons for this passive approach to deal- ing with damage caused by small mammals ... cause significant damage all over the Czech Republic and that the occurrence of damage cannot be easily predicted with certainty as significant damage may appear...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

... Table 2. Stand characteristics of a generated test stand exemplifying the typical management of oak; mean stand height, basal area and stocking density (N) are shown for each stand age Stand ... compared with table values of F-distribution taking into account the amount of parameters and standard deviations of residuals of the tested sites. Reference stand For...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... each study area. The first buffer area brings the surface area of Plots 1 and 2 to 2.22 and 0.67 ha, respectively, and the second buffer area brings the surface area of Plots 1 and 2 to 3.58 and ... important asymmetry among trees, due to the old coppice -with- standards structure of the stand and the presence of gaps. Further validations in other sta...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... R. Zanuttini et al. were subjected to tension shear applied in a middle area of 25 ´ 25 mm with a testing machine having a maximum capacity of 50 kN and accuracy of ± 1%. The shear test was done ... in any case useful to refer to the European standardization context related to the biological durability of wood and wood-based panels. The EN standards co...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... nigra (solid line) as a function of predicted past radial growth, dbh, basal area, and total basal area of larger trees (thin lines indicate the standard error of the mean). Figure 2. Measured and ... (m 2 ·ha –1 ), BALthin is the total basal area of trees larger than the subject tree and thinned during the next 10-year period (m 2 ·ha –1 ), G is stand basal a...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... the absence of summer moisture inputs, Q macrocarpa and Q turbinella were unable to maintain active gas exchange through the day; following an early morning peak, leaf conductances ... for the apparent midday reduction of water stress in Q macrocarpa. Higher rates of gas exchange occurred in Q gambelii and Q gambelii x macrocarpa than...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... soil compaction, decreases soil porosity, in ltration rate and aeration and these in turn increase runoff and water erosion in the harvested area. On the other hand, a decrease in soil aeration ... necessary to harvest these forests in a methodical plan with the knowledge of different elements of harvesting, so that harvesting and efficiency are increased, bu...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20