Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Infrared images of heat ﬁelds around a linear heater in tree trunks: what can be learned about sap ﬂow measuremen" pptx

... 10.1051/forest:2006046Original articleInfrared images of heat ﬁ elds around a linear heater in tree trunks: what can be learned about sap ﬂow measurement?Helmut T a *, Nadezhda Nb,JanCb a Hahn-Meither ... isotherm of temperature TSparallel to the sap ﬂow direction. In absence of sap ﬂow this axial distance should be named a ax. In presence of sap ﬂow there will be thermalconduction along a similar ... Infrared images of heat ﬁeld and sap ﬂow 657Figure 3. ( A) IR-image of the heat ﬁeld in the stem xylem around a linear heater under zero -ﬂow conditions: M – center of an ellipse,...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Infra-red images of heat field around a linear heater and sap flow in stems of lime trees under natural and experimental conditions" doc

... linear heater in a real tree stem taking place during usual diurnalchanges of sap flow; deformation of heat field after abrupt changes of heating (when the heater is switched on and off) under ... image. Similarly the disappearing warm zoneremained symmetrical along the axis of the heater at the radial images of the smoothed stem surface (see Fig. 3). 3.2. Heat field around the heater ... Nadezhdina N., Temperature gradients around a linear heater in stems due to mowing sap, in: Cermak J., Nadezhdina N. (Eds.),Measuring Sap Flow in Intact Plants, Proc. of 4th. Int. Workshop,Zidlochovice,...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Cambioxylophagous fauna of young spruce stands damaged by snow in the Beskids" potx

... the fauna of cambioxylophages was analyzed both on standing breaks and lying break-off stems. Breaks are characterized by the gradually drying phloem, watered phloem and secondary fauna (Hylurgops ... with sal-vage felling they create local large populations not only on breaks and breaks-off in young stands but also on windfalls and windbreaks in mature stands particularly at southern aspects ... of attack in the scattered (37%), increased (34%) and heavy (30%) invasion category. At the end of the growing season, P. chalcographus occurred in the heavy degree of attack (64%) and balanced...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Horizontal structure of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts. and its development" ppsx

... procedure of stand origination and by the way of reducing the tree number by natural elimina-tion and systematic measures of forest managers. Man-made stands mostly have the regular original distribution ... characteristics of horizontal structure of natural stands, according to the above author the monitoring of the spatial structure can be used as an indicator of the degree of forest stand natural-ness ... sil-vicultural practices aimed at an increase in stability, species and spatial diversiﬁ cation and conversion of stands that are not suitable for a certain reason.From methodological aspects,...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Health status of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts" pptx

... mathematical and statistical evaluation of acquired data.  e evaluation of transition matrices describ-ing the probability of a change in the assessment of defoliation of particular trees in ... classes but also on the ob-servation of average defoliation (it was always calcu-lated as the average value of defoliation of all living trees) and/or average foliage (calculated for all trees on ... characteristics were calculated for each plot and each year:– average defoliation (AVG) as the arithmetic mean of the values of defoliation of all trees in percentage (as the class mark according...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Uncertainty estimation of biomass expansion factors for Norway spruce in the Czech Republic" pot

... present an approach to estimate stand-level BEFs,both by age-classes (reﬂecting the available format of sourcedata) and as a single value and to analyse the associated BEFuncertainty for Norway ... range of stand dominant heights was 13.3 to 36.3 m, tree density variedbetween 120 and 1336 trees/ha and stand basal area was 14.8–73.1m2ha−1with a mean of 45.9 m2ha−1.2.2. Estimating ... Medians and 95% conﬁdence intervals of BEF values by age-classes with varying per-centage of ﬁxed intraplot variance (according toTab. IV).Uncertainty estimation of BEF 137Figure 2. BEFs...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Radial variation of wood density components and ring width in cork oak trees" pptx

... oak (Quercus suber L.) occupies large areas around the western Mediterranean basin in Southern Europeand North Africa, over a total area of about 2 million ha,mainly in Portugal (725 000 ha) ... (on average 0.10 g cm−3, Tab. II) and constant radially.3.5. Analysis of variation of ring and densitycomponentsAn analysis of variance was made on the ring and densitycomponents using ... Summary of the variance analysis for each wood density component and ring width, showing their signiﬁcance and the percentage of total variation due to each source of variation.Sources of variation...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Water relations of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings in response to shading and moderate drought" ppt

... Ψπ0) as wateravailability decreased and PFD increased, allows seedlings tomaintain a water potential gradient from the soil to the plantand to facilitate water uptake. Although no interaction ... moderate droughtMarta PARDOS a *, M. Dolores JIMÉNEZ a , Ismael ARANDA a , Jaime PUÉRTOLASb, José A. PARDOSb a CIFOR-INIA, Ap. Correos 8.111, 28080 Madrid, Spain b U.D. Anatom a, Fisiolog a ... Special care was taken toprevent oversaturation of apoplasmic and intercellular spaces in leavesbecause of inmersion. Oversaturation during the first steps of dehy-dration causes the shift in...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Relative efficiency of alternative methods to evaluate wood stiffness in the frame of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry) clonal selection" potx

... logs),ultrasound speed was corrected according to Sandoz [31].2.3. Statistical analysisThe mean by ramet at each stage of sampling was submitted to a variance and a covariance analysis [30] according to the ... samples.Realising the selection on standing trees with an ultrasoundmethod has the advantage of keeping the trees alive but leadsto a loss in the gain of the selection. This method also has ... intensity of selection to obtain a higher indirect gain.If felled trees are available, ultrasonic speed measured onlog offers a high indirect gain without needing additionalmoney and time to prepare...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Stomatal response of Quercus pyrenaica Willd to environmental factors in two sites differing in their annual rainfall (Sierra de Gata, Spain)" potx

... pyrenaica can be said to be sensitive to environmental variations, a decrease in stomatal activity having beenobserved that can sometimes be identifiedwith a certain degree ... of Quercus pyrenaica Willd toenvironmental factors in two sites differing in theirannual rainfall (Sierra de Gata, Spain)M Rico,HA Gallego,G Moreno,I Santa ReginaInstituto ... stomatal activity.According to Meinzer (1993), leaf water sta-tus does not always play a role in causingstomatal closure in droughted plants. Chem-ical signalling between...

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