Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis" ppt

... 4 ◦ C above nor- mal in a smaller region, mainly in the South-West, from East- ern Spain to Southern Germany, including most of continen- tal Italy, Sardinia, Corsica, Switzerland, and most of France. August ... than June and August, except in Swe- den, Finland and Norway. On most of the continent, both min- imum and maximum air temperature were between 1 and 3 ◦ C above nor...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... de Gata mountains (central Spain), to obtain information on the effect of rainfall on annual and summer evapotranspiration, on nutrient leach- ing from the soils and on ... rainfall and its acute irreg- ularity are outstanding features; for example, in the 1990-1991 period, rainfall was very abundant during autumn-winter but no major precipita...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... repeated investigation showed a marked reduction in individuals in regeneration, total regeneration damage by game decreased to 28%. – Damage by peeling and fraying was observed in the category ... growth in early spring and during the vegetation period. Browsing appears mostly in winter; there are seen teeth on the attacked plant part. Peeling and brows- ing are classi...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 03:22

... stand measurements (basal area: BA, dominant height: H and mean height: H) as independent variables. Two methods of achieving minimum variance in parameter estimates and reducing heteroscedasticity ... North America, Australia, Japan and New Zealand, Geneva Timber and Forest Study Papers No. 17, United Nations Economics Committee for Europe, Food and Agricultural Organisation, Gen...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... sapwood and heartwood [23]. Heartwood and sapwood in a tree vary with a large number of factors, in- cluding species, age, climate, rate of growth, foliage area, site quality and tree vitality, and ... The sapwood area was obtained by difference and calculation of mean heartwood diameter and sapwood radial width was made subsequently. The height attained by the heartwood w...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:21

... among the populations of marginal areas along the Mediterranean basin, contributing to the main- tenance and the enrichment of the rural populations. In short, a deeper knowledge and optimisation ... following Waits et al. [44]. ISSR bands were interpreted as dominant markers (biallelic) and fragments were scored as present (1) or absent (0). A pair-wise sim- ilarity matrix was ca...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:21

... (LT). Abbreviations are indicated in Tables II and III (n = 22). A R and V R were about 38% and 88% higher, respectively, in LT than in ST, whereas D R was about 50% higher in ST than in LT and ... morphological variables were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) for a completely randomised design. A discriminant canonical analysis was also performed to determine...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... in a flat sandy region in the Castilian Plateau, central Spain (figure 1). The climate in this area is dry Mediterranean, with annual average rainfall and Figure 1. Location of the study plot and ... and migration pathways of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) in the Iberian Peninsula, Theor. Appl. Genet. 100 (2000) 89–95. [42] Schnabel A. , Parentage analysis in plants:...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... in soil-to-leaf conductance during a pro- longed drought in Q petraea caused a reduction in maximal transpiration rates. The transpiration rates reduced just enough to maintain ... deter- mine the chance of survival during a drought. Vulnerability to cavitation and stomatal physiology may coevolve in oaks (Cochard et al, 1996). Cochard foun...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... reported for many North American oak species (Abrams, 1990) including Q alba, Q macro- carpa and Q stellata (Parker and Pallardy, 1988). A similar drift in osmotic potential has been ... many European oaks Table I. Predawn leaf water potential (Ψ wp ) and net CO 2 assimilation rates (A) in control and water-stressed leaves of Quercus...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21