... carbohydratereserves, including the sugars that are used for protectionagainst frost during the winter [32]. Excess N may also causebuds to break earlier and delay the onset of dormancy,increasing the risk of ... winter frostas possible predisposing factors of oak decline in northern Germany, in: Luisi N., Lerario P., Vannini A. (Eds.), Recent advances in stu-dies on oak decline, Proceedings of an international ... and 4.6 in the mineral soil layer down to a depth of 50 cm [7]. In the organic layer, the C/N ratio was 25.7 and the basesaturation approximately 30%, whereas the base saturation in the min-eral...